Replication of Viruses Flashcards
Step of viral replication when there is the help of peplomers
Attachment/Adsorption
Step of viral replication when the virus enters
Penetration
Step of viral replication when there is the disintegration of capsid; exposes genome to polymerase that will replicate it
uncoating
What kind of viruses further enter the nucleus for replication?
DNA viruses
What kind of viruses is replicated in the cytoplasm only?
RNA viruses
Step of viral replication when DNA —> mRNA
Early transcription
Step of viral replication when mRNA —> viral proteins
Early translation
What kind of viruses exit via disintegration of the host cell?
Naked viruses
What kind of viruses exit via budding and acquires envelope from host’s cell membrane
Enveloped viruses
Period in which there is no extracellular virus(virion)
Latent period
Latent period starts from _________ and ends before release
penetration
Period in which there is no complete virus inside/outside the cell
Eclipse period
Eclipse period starts from ___________ and ends in assembly
uncoating
What enzyme is used to replicate DNA normally?
DNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase
What enzyme is used in normal transcription to mRNA
DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase
What enzyme is used in RNA replication from RNA utilized by RNA viruses?
RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase
What enzyme is used in RNA-dependent DNA polymerase utilized by retroviruses and Hepatitis VIrus(HBV)
Reverse transcriptase
Mutants that arise which are defective in their capacity to infect as wild type viruses; mutation or deletion in their genome
Defective viruses
Acquisition of genes from other viruses
Recombination
A defective virus regains its ineffective capacity if another virus coinfects the cell
Complementation
When two different species of virus coinfects the same cell and genes from one are packaged with the other
Phenotype mixing
When one virus alters the cell’s physiology so that another virus can no longer infect it
Interference
Viruses with gene segments can exchange gene segments with other viruses
Reassortment
What virus causes chronic infection and synthesizes its polymerase?
HBV
May or may not cause increase in virulence
Genetic drift
It is caused by gene reassortment; only occurs in segmented viruses; exchange of an entire segment; alter antigenicity and immune response
Genetic shift
During assembly virus B is enclosed in another capsid
Phenotypic masking
Utilizes viruses as vectors
Genetic Engineering and Therapy
