Replication And Lifestyle Flashcards

1
Q

Heterotrophic

A

Req organic substrates for e production and a wide substrate variety are used

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2
Q

Metabolism of most pathogenic bact

A

Take up and catabolise sugars
Peptides/aas
And nucleic acids to gen basic building blocks of anabolic process

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3
Q

Strict aerobes

A

Grow at atm O2 tensions

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4
Q

Strict anaerobes

A

Req O2 abscence for growth

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5
Q

Facuktative anaerobes

A

Can handle both presence and absence

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6
Q

Factors influencing bacterial griwth

A
Nutrients
Temp pH
Ion concs
Atm
Hydration
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7
Q

What may cause commensal bact pop alteration

A
Nutritional status
Stress
Age
Antiobiotics
(Pops are stable but not static)
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8
Q

Lag phase of growth

A

Bact adjust to enviro conditions

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9
Q

Log phase

A

Bact prolif exponentially by binary fission

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10
Q

Stationary phase

A

Nutrients become exhausted so growth arrest

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11
Q

Decline or death phasr

A

Bact number falls as incr hostility of enviro

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12
Q

What occurs during binary fission

A

A new CM and CW are formed
Chromosome duplicates and segregates
Septum spilts bact cell into 2 compartments
Separate into 2 cells

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13
Q

Growth phases

A

Lag
Log
Stationary
Decline/death

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14
Q

When sporulation Occurs

A

Stationary phase usually

In response to stress or nutrient limitation

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15
Q

Spore producing bacteria

A

Clostridium

Bacillus

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16
Q

What are spores

A

Dormant struct res to adverse cond of heat dehydration freezing and many chem that would kill most vegetative bact

17
Q

Conditions to kill vegetative bact v spores

A

V: 50-70 degree C
S: most resist boiling but not autoclave (121 degree C 15min)

18
Q

Changes during sporulation

A

Many components of vegetative cell disappear and thick wall formed to protect genetic material and transcription translation machinery

19
Q

Spore germination

A

Under appropriate conditions

Can persist for 50+ yrs in poor enviro so source of infection fir long time periods

20
Q

Septicaemia growth eg

A

Can have Rapid multiplication in blood and host resp to high bact product (LPS and peptidoglycan) level lead to septic shock and organ failure

21
Q

Mycobacterium growth rate eg

A

Take long time to manifest, can be harder for host ti tackle

22
Q

Other factors affecting growth rate

A

Site of infection

23
Q

Niche specialisation IC eg

A

Diff IC bact use diff C source in infected cell, may alter cell metabolism in favour of these products

24
Q

Niche specialisation skin eg

A

Can survive lower temp and can take advantage if sebaceous gland secretion (cont TG) or may degrade skin and pro with enz and proteases to give substrates for growth

25
Q

Mech to obtain Fe if conc is low

A

EC hydrolytic enz
Transferrin and lactoferrin bind pros
Siderophores and spec recs

26
Q

Niche specialisation GIT eg

A

Can kill related bact with colicins and bacteriophages (compete for nutrients)
Invasion
Community formation to BD complex substrates

27
Q

Eg of niche bact

A
Mycobact leprae (schwann cell)
E coli (end of bovine GIT)
Salmonella (gall bladder persistance)
Strep (horse guttyral pouch)
Staph (bone joint infections)
28
Q

Technique to ID bact not easily cultured

A

PCR amplification and immunodiagnostic tachniques (same as virus diagnostics)