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MS3 - Renal/Urology > Renal tumours > Flashcards

Renal tumours Flashcards

1
Q

Types of renal tumour

A

Renal Cell Carcinoma

Transitional Cell Carcinoma

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2
Q

Risk factors for renal cell carcinomas

A 
> 55 yrs
M
Obesity
Smoking
HTN
Dialysis
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3
Q

Pathology of renal cell carcinoma

A

Adenocarcinoma from proximal renal tubular epithelium

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4
Q

Presentation of renal cell carcinoma

A

50% incidental finding

Triad:

  • Haematuria
  • Loin pain
  • Loin mass

Varicocele - invasion of L renal vein

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5
Q

Paraneoplastic features of renal cell carcinoma

A 
EPO - polycythaemia
PTHrP - hypercalcaemia
Renin - HTN
ACTH - cushing's
Amyloidosis
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6
Q

PTHrP

A

Parathyroid related protein

Secreted by some cancers

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7
Q

Metastasis sites of renal cell carcinoma

A

Bone
Liver
Lung

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8
Q

Ix for renal cell carcinoma

A 
Polycythaemia
Hypercalcaemia
Urine cytology
CXR - lung cannonball mets
US - mass
IVU - filling defect
CT/MRI
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9
Q

IVU

A

Intravenous urogram

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10
Q

Robson staging of renal cell carcinoma

A
  1. Confined to kidney
  2. Involves perinephric fat, but not Garota’s fascia
  3. Spread into renal vein
  4. Spread to adjacent / distant organs
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11
Q

Medical Mx of renal cell carcinoma

A

Reserved for pts with poor prognosis

Temsirolimus - mTOR inhibitor

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12
Q

Surgical Mx of renal cell carcinoma

A

Radical nephrectomy

Partial nephrectomy

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13
Q

Risk factors for transitional cell carcinomas

A 
> 50 yrs
M
Smoking
Amine exposure (rubber industry)
Cyclophosphamide
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14
Q

Locations for transitional cell carcinomas

A

Bladder
Ureter
Renal pelvis

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15
Q

Presentation of transitional cell carcinoma

A

Painless haematuria
Frequency, urgency, dysuria
Urinary tract obstruction

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16
Q

Ix for transitional cell carcinoma

A

Urine cytology
CT/MRI
IVU - pelviceal filling defect

17
Q

Mx of transitional cell carcinoma

A

Nephrouretectomy

18
Q

Association of Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

Chronic infected staghorn calculi

Schistosomiasis

MS3 - Renal/Urology (13 decks)

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