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Renal > Renal Tumors > Flashcards

Renal Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

Size of adenomas for it to be considered malignant potential

A

More than 3cm

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2
Q

Benign tumors found through manifestation and not by accident

A

Oncocytoma
Renal papillary. Adenoma
Angiomyolipoma

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3
Q

Malignant tumors

A

Renal cell ca - Adenocarcinoma
Wilma tumor
Urothelilal tumor (transitional cell tumor ) of calices and pelvis

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4
Q

Cells with renal cell ca

A

Renal tubular epithelium

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5
Q

People affected by renal cell ca

A

Adult 90%

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6
Q

More male or female in renal cell ca

A

Male 3:1

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7
Q

Risk factors renal cell ca

A

Smoking
Von hipped Lindau syndrome
Acquired cystic disease in long term dialysis
ADPKD

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8
Q

Clinical manifestation renal cell ca

A 
Hematuria 
Abdominal mass
Loin pain 
Fever
Weight loss
PUO
Anemia 
High renin 
High ca 
Bone metastasis 
Paranoeplastic syndrome 
Parathormone 
Vit d like substances 
Cushing syndrome 
Glucagon 
Polycythemia 
Gonadotrophine 
Gynecomastia
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9
Q

Macro renal cell ca

A 
Spherical lobulated expansile masss
Infiltrating growth 
Compresses kidneys 
Hemorrhagic surface 
Necrosis 
Cyst 
May get into renal vein
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10
Q

Micro type of renal cell ca

A

Clear cell non papillary ca

Papillary ca

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11
Q

Clear cell non papillary ca renal cell ca characteristics

A

70-80%
Clear cells due to lipid and glycogen or Granular cell mitochondria
Ch3p deletion VHL

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12
Q

Papillary ca in renal cell ca characteristics

A

No ch3p deletion

Trisomies 7, 16, 17, loss of y

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13
Q

Micro chromophobe renal carcinoma or renal oncocytoma

A

Well differentiated RCC
Packets of large pale eosinophils
Halo around nucleus

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14
Q

Prognosis of chromophobe renal carcinoma

A

Good

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15
Q

Treatment chromophobe renal ca

A

Néphrectomy

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16
Q

5 year survival chromophobe renal ca

A

4570%

17
Q

What is Wilms tumor nephroblastoma

A

Embryonic tumor from metanephric mesenchyme

18
Q

Peak age of Wilms tumor

A

2 to 4 years old

19
Q

Gene Involved in Wilms tumor

A

WT-1 GENE on chromosome 11

20
Q

Syndrome associated with Wilms tumor inheritance

A

WAGR syndrome - Wilms tumor, Aniridia, Genital abnormalities ,and Retardation syndrome
Beckwith-wiedemann Hemihypertrophy

21
Q

Clinical manifestation of will tumor

A 
Abdominal mass 
pain 
anorexia
 weight loss
 constipation 
metastatic disease 
fever 
hematuria 
hypertension
22
Q

Will tumor is more unilateral or bilateral

A

Unilateral 90%

23
Q

Wilms tumor is more on the right or the left kidney

A

Left kidney

24
Q

MacroMorphology of Wilms tumor

A 
Demarcated 
not encapsulated
 lobular 
gray white 
grow into lymph nodes , renal vein
25
Q

Micro Wilms tumor

A

UnDifferentiated blastema of variable proportions
primitive tubules and glomeruli
spindle cell stroma
aberrant epithelial differentiation (squamous ,basal ,mucinous ) in stroma
mesenchymal striated muscle ,cartilage ,bone, fats
anaplastic

26
Q

Wilms tumor with bad prognosis characteristics

A

Poor If anaplastic changes ,capsular invasion ,rupture at surgery ,extra renal vein invasion ,tumor implants, lymph nodes involvement ,distant metastasis, bilaterality , large size , high musing production

27
Q

In which case Wilms tumor has good prognosis

A

Children under two years
old extensive tubular differentiation
massive skeletal muscle differentiation

28
Q

Wilms tumor treatment

A

Nephrectomy

chemotherapy

29
Q

Five-year survival percentage in Wilms tumor

A

90%

30
Q

What are urothelial tumors

A

Benign transitional cell papillomas to malignant transitional cell carcinoma’s

31
Q

Is it easy to differentiates benign urothelial tumor from the well differentiated one

A

Difficult

32
Q

Main organ involved in urothelial tumors

A

Bladder at 90%

Renal at 5%

33
Q

Risk factors of urothelial tumors

A

Chemical implicated ( aniline dyes arylamines 2-naphthylamine, chlorinated hydrocarbons )

cigarette smoking

AnelGesic abuse 
phenacetin 
pelvic irritation 
Long term chemotherapy - cyclophosphamide hemorrhagic cystitis
schistosoma hematobium
34
Q

Type of carcinoma caused by schistosome

A

Squamous ca 70%

TCC 30%

35
Q

Clinical manifestation of urothelial tumors

A 
Painless
Hematuria 
Obstruction  of pelvis 
Pain hydronephronsis 
Ureter obstruction pain 
Bladder frequency 
Dysuria
36
Q

Macro urothelial tumors

A

Papillary

Nodular Or flat infiltrative

37
Q

Micro urothelilal tumors

A

Grading papillomas

38
Q

Grading of urothelial tumors

A

Grade I- low malignant potential (Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential)
Grade II - low grade tumor
Grade III - high grade

39
Q

Prognosis urothelial tumor s

A

Depends on grade

Better when presence of blood group A, B, H

Renal (16 decks)

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