Renal system part one Flashcards
what are the functions of the renal system
regulation of blood volume and composition
regulation of electrolytes and pH
Removal of excess water and wastes
The Renin- angiotensin- aldosterone pathway is the kidney’s way to regulate……
Blood pressure
Each kidney consists of …
1.
2.
3.
- an outer cortex
- a medulla made up of pyramids
- calyces leading to a pelvis
What happens at the Hilus of a kidney?
the renal artery enters the kidney and the renal vein and ureter leaves
The kidney is surrounded by …..
a connective tissue capsule made up of adipose tissue
what does the kidney’s adipose connective tissue capsule do…
- protects the kidney
- holds the kidney in place
- acts as an energy reserve
What is the nephron?
the functional unit of the kidney
What are the 3 stages of urine production?
filtration
reabsorption
secretion
what is in the nephron’s renal corpuscle?
the glomerulus and the glomerular
What are the 3 different tubule associated with the nephron?
the proximal tubule
the loop of Henle (nephron loop)
the distal tubule
where does filtration take place?
the renal corpuscle
what increases filtration pressure?
the afferent arteriole being wider than the efferent arteriole
what is the product of filtration?
filtrate
what is the function of Podocytes?
to maximise the surface area for filtration
Net filtration pressure = (equation)
Blood hydrostatic pressure - capsular pressure - blood colloid osmotic pressure
What is the Glomerular filtration rate ?
the volume of filtrate formed per minute by both kidneys
What is reabsorption?
the selective movement of water and solutes from the tubule into the blood stream
Reabsorption takes place by….
passive transport: no ATP (diffusion and osmosis)
active transport :ATP required
Mediated: uses a protein carrier
Non mediated: no carrier molecule
