Renal System Flashcards
What are the major functions of the proximal tubule?
Bulk reabsorption of solutes and water; secretion of solutes, organic acids and bases (except K+)
What are the major functions of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule?
Forms ultrafiltrate of plasma
What are the major functions of the loop of Henle?
Establishes medullary osmotic gradient; secretion of urea
What are the major functions of the descending limb of the loop of Henle?
Bulk reabsorption of water
What are the major functions of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
Reabsorption of NaCl
What are the major functions of the distal tubule and cortical collecting ducts?
Fine-tuning of reabsorption/secretion of small quantity of remaining solute
What are the major functions of the cortical and medullary collecting ducts?
Fine-tuning of water reabsorption; reabsorption of urea
What factors control the function of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule?
Starling forces: P(GC), P(BS), pi(GC)
What factors control the function of the proximal tubule?
Active transports of solutes with passive water reabsorption; parathyroid hormone inhibits ion reabsorption
What factors control the function of the descending limb of the loop of Henle?
Passive water reabsorption
What factors control the function of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
Active transport
What factors control the function of the distal tubule and cortical collecting ducts?
Aldosterone stimulates Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion; parathyroid hormone stimulates calcium ion reabsorption
What factors control the function of the cortical and medullary collecting ducts?
Vasopressin (ADH) increases passive reabsorption of water
