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Physiology > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

0
Q

Which hypophysiotrophic hormone stimulates LH and FSH secretion?

A

GnRH

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1
Q

Which cells synthesize and secrete testosterone in testes?

A

Leydig cells

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2
Q

What hormone promotes growth of endometrium during the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle?

A

Estrogen

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3
Q

Where would binding of the hormone glucagon occur on or in a cell?

A

Extracellular side of membrane

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4
Q

What hormone (released from the anterior pituitary glad) stimulates breast milk production?

A

Prolactin

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5
Q

What hormone is stimulated to be released by high levels of estrogen in a positive feedback loop?

A

LH

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6
Q

What hormone inhibits secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary?

A

Inhibin

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7
Q

What hormone is released by the corpus luteum of the ovary and maintains the endometrium during the secretory phase of the uterus?

A

Progesterone

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8
Q

What hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?

A

Cortisol, androgens, and aldosterone

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9
Q

What hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?

A

Epinephrine (and norepinephrine)

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10
Q

What hormones are produced by the ovaries?

A

Estrogen (estradiol), progesterone, inhibin, and relaxin

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11
Q

What hormones are produced by the testes?

A

Androgens (testosterone and DHEA), inhibin, and Müllerian-inhibiting substance (MIS)

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12
Q

What hormones are produced by the heart?

A

Atrial naturietic peptide

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13
Q

What hormones are produced by the kidneys?

A

Erythropoietin (EPO)

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14
Q

What hormones are produced by the pancreas?

A

Insulin and glucagon

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15
Q

What hormones are produced by the hypothalamus?

A

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), somatostatin, dopamine (DA), oxytocin, vasopressin (ADH)

16
Q

What hormones are produced by the pineal gland?

A

Melatonin

17
Q

What hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Growth hormone (somatotropin), thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin), adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin) (AcTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin

18
Q

What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

A

Oxytocin, vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone (ADH))

19
Q

What structure is also called the hypophysis?

A

Pituitary

20
Q

What is the origin and function of inhibin?

A

Testes/ovaries; inhibits the biosynthesis and secretion of FSH

21
Q

What is the origin and function of Müllerian-inhibiting substance (MIS)?

A

Testes; regression of Müllerian ducts (sex determination)

22
Q

What is the origin and function of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)?

A

Hypothalamus; secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by AP

23
Q

What is the origin and function of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)?

A

Hypothalamus; secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (thyrotropin) by AP

24
Q

What is the origin and function of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)?

A

Hypothalamus; secretion of growth hormone (GH) (somatotropin) by AP

25
Q

What is the origin and function of somatostatin?

A

Hypothalamus; inhibition of secretion of growth hormone (GH) (somatotropin)

26
Q

What is the origin and function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?

A

Hypothalamus; secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by AP

27
Q

What is the origin and function of dopamine (DA)?

A

Hypothalamus; inhibition of secretion of prolactin (PRL)

28
Q

What is the origin and function of growth hormone (GH) (somatotropin)?

A

Anterior pituitary gland; growth via IGF-1; protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism

Physiology (9 decks)

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