Renal System Flashcards
what happens when filtraion is too fast
substances cant be reabsorbed
what happens when filtration is too slow
everything is reabsorbed
changing the _____ regulates the rate of filtration
arteriole size
what happens in afferent arteriole constriction
increased resistance in afferent arteriole and decreased cappillary blood pressure
what is the juxtaglomerular complex
the wall of the DCT connects with the afferent arteriole
what happens when fluid flows too quickly through the DCT
the macula densa releases atp
what causes the afferent arteriole to constrict
atp
which arteriole ensures blood pressure is high in the glomerulus
efferent
which arteriole is partially constricted
efferent
what is a characteristic of the capilleries in the glomerulus
leaky
allows small substances to pass though
what small substances can pass through the capilleries in the glomerulus
sodium
potassium
glucose
amino acids
what can not pass through the capilleries in the glomerulus
large molecules such as red blood cells and proteins
the presence of what suggests damage to glomerulus
proteins which could be due to -
an infection
high blood pressure
physical trauma
how is sodium pumped out pf the proximal convoluted cells of the PCT
Na+/K+ pump
where is the pumped out sodium carried up
peritubular tubular capillaries
what effect does an increase in sodium have on the blood in the peritubular tublar capillaries
the bloods concentration increases and water moves down its concentration gradient
where is the concentration gradient set up from and to (sodium removal)
between the filtrate in the PCT and the cells
the cells of the PCT are impervious to sodium, what does this mean
they are unable to let sodium to pass through
how does sodium move across the filtrate and the PCT cells
through special carriers
where does the special carriers of sodium get their energy from
the concentration gradient
what does sodium also move using the special carriers
glucose and amino acids
