Renal Physiology 4: Acid Base Flashcards
What is normal range of pH in the body
Between 7.35 to 7.45
What is the minimum urine pH
4.5
What can change the pH in your body day to day
Normal diet
Protein diet
Anaerobic respiration
Carbohydrate metabolism
What is the role of the kidneys in acid-base metabolism
Reclaims the filtered HCO3-
Regenerates HCO3-
Excretion of H ions buffered by phosphate or ammonia
What organs are involved in acid-bas homeostasis
Kidneys and lungs
What is the Henderson-hasselbach equation
PH = pK’ + log(HCO3- / Co2)
What is metabolic acidosis
Low arterial pH with in conjunction with a reduced serum HCO3- concentration
What could causes metabolic acidosis
Type 1 diabetes
Diarrhoea
What is metabolic alkalosis
When you have too much base/bicarbonate or you are losing acid
Your pH would be high
What could cause metabolic alkalosis
Sickness
Diuretics
What is respiratory acidosis
Acid base disturbance
What can cause respiratory acidosis
Motor neuron disease
Pneumonia
What is respiratory alkalosis
Reduction in CO2 causing an acid-base disturbance which causes hyperventilation
In terms of pH, HCO3- and pCO2 what causes respiratory acidosis
Respiratory acidosis is caused by lowered pH, but increased HCO3- and pCO2
In terms of pH, HCO3- and pCO2 what causes respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis is caused by high pH levels but lowered HCO3- and pCO2
