Renal Physio Flashcards
Water accounts for approximately what percentage of body weight? Of this percentage, what % is intracellular and what % is extracellular body weight?
60% body weight
40% ICF, 20% ECF
The major cations in the ICF are ___ and ___
Potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+)
The major anions in the ICF (intracellular fluid) are ____ and ____
Proteins, organic phosphates (ex: adenosine triphosphate ATP)
The two sub compartments of the extracellular fluid (ECF) are:
- interstitial fluid
- plasma
The major cation in the ECF is ____
Sodium (Na+)
The major anions in the ECF are ___ and ___
- chloride (Cl-)
- bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Plasma, which is the aqueous component of blood constitutes approx. ___% of blood volume
55%
The volume of a body fluid compartment depends on the amount of ____ it contains
Solute
_____ is the concentration of osmotically active particles, expressed as milliosmoles per liter (mOsm/L)
Osmolarity
To be in a steady state, ____ osmolarity must equal ____ osmolarity
Intracellular, extracellular
Volume ____ means a decrease in ECF volume
Contraction
Volume ____ means an increase in ECF volume
Expansion
____ is the volume of plasma completely cleared of a substance by the kidneys per unit time
Renal clearance
The kidneys receive about __% of the cardiac output
25% (among the highest of the organ systems)
The major mechanism for changing the renal blood flow is by changing ___ ___
Arteriolar resistance
Both afferent and efferent arterioles are innervated by sympathetic nerve fibers that produce _____ by activating __ receptors
Vasoconstriction, alpha-1
