Adrenal Gland Flashcards
Name the three layers of the adrenal cortex, from deep to superficial
- Zona reticularis
- Zona fasciculata
- Zona glomerulosa
The three main secretions of the adrenal cortex are:
- Androgens
- Cortisol
- Aldosterone
Androgens are secreted by what layer of the adrenal cortex?
Zona reticularis
Aldosterone is secreted by what layer of the adrenal cortex?
Zona glomerulosa
Cortisol is secreted by what layer of the adrenal cortex?
Zona fasciculata
The adrenal medulla is mainly responsible for secreting what hormones?
Epinephrine, norepinephrine (fight or flight)
____, secreted by the adrenal cortex, have important effects on sodium and potassium balance
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
_____, secreted by the adrenal cortex, have important influence on carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
The hypothalamus releases _____, which stimulates the release of _____ from the anterior pituitary gland
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Aldosterone increases _____ reabsorption and _____ secretion
Sodium, potassium
Angiotensinogen is converted to Angiotensin I by _____, which is secreted by the kidneys
Renin
Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by _____
Angiotensin converting enzyme
Adrenocortical hormones are synthesized from _____
Cholesterol
Addison’s disease is an example of _____cortisolism (hyper, hypo)
Hypo
Cushing’s syndrome is an example of ___cortisolism (hyper, hypo)
Hyper
Cushing’s syndrome is a defect of the _____, while cushing’s disease is a defect of the ______
Adrenal cortex (overproducing glucocorticoids), anterior pituitary (overproducing ACTH)
In males, _____ is mainly responsible for sex characteristics and libido, while in females, _____ is mainly responsible for the same
Testosterone, adrenal androgens (secreted by the zona reticularis layer of the adrenal cortex)
