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CLINICAL MICROSCOPY > Renal Function Test > Flashcards

Renal Function Test Flashcards

1
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

measures the rate at which kidneys are able to REMOVE filtrable substances in blood

A

Clearance Test

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2
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Clearance Test includes (4)

A
  1. Creatinine
  2. Cystatin C
  3. Radioisotopes
  4. B-2 microglobulin
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3
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Clearance Test Specimen

A

24 hour Urine

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4
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Greatest error of Clearance Test

A

Use of IMPROPERLY TIMED SPECIMEN

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5
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

First Voided urine @7am is included will cause

A

falsely ELEVATED

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6
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Last Voided urine @7am is NOT included will cause

A

Falsely DECREASED

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7
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

single marker that denotes RENAL FAILURE

A

Creatinine

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8
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

marker for RENAL TUBULAR INTEGRITY

A

B2-microglobulin

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9
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Polymer fructose

A

Inulin

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10
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Extremely stable ; not a normal body constituent must be INJECTED THROUGH IV

A

Inulin

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11
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Small protein (MW 13,359)

Filtered, reabsorbed, broken down by RTC

serum concentration is DIRECTLY RELATED TO GFR

A

Cystatin C

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12
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

MW 11,800

Dissociates from HLA

Rapidly removed from plasma by Glomerular Filtrate

INVERSELY RELATED TO GFR

A

B2-microglobulin

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13
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Kidney disease has DECREASED GFR and ____ B2-Microglobulin

A

Increased

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14
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Injecting radionucleotides (125I-iothalamate)

Disappearance of radioactive material in plasma

measure VIABILITY OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANT

A

Radioisotopes

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15
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Waste product of muscle metabolism

A

Creatinine

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16
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

Endogenous substance

A

Creatinine

17
Q

Normal Creatinine:

A

120 mL/min

18
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

Estimated GFR (eGFR) (2)

A
  1. Cockroft-Gault
  2. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)
19
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

Results are NOT CORRECTED for body surface area ; woman have 15% lower creatinine clearance

A

Cockcroft-Gault

20
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

Cockcroft-Gault includes factors:

A

BAGS

  1. Body Weight
  2. Age
  3. Gender
  4. Serum Creatinine
21
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

Provided more accurate assessment in GFR; does not require patient’s weight

A

MDRD

22
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

MDRD includes factors:

A

RAGS:

  1. Race
  2. Age
  3. Gender
  4. Serum Creatinine
23
Q

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

MDRD also includes factors:

A
  1. Serum albumin
  2. BUN
  3. Race
24
Q

First Function to be affected in RENAL DISEASE

A

Tubular Reabsorption

25
Q

Tubular Reabsorption uses CONCENTRATION TESTS such as (2)

A
  1. Specific Gravity
  2. Osmometry
26
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

most useful screening procedure and quantitative of renal concentrating ability

A

Specific Gravity

27
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

patients were deprived of fluids for 24 hours before measuring SG (SG 10.26 or higher)

A

Fishberg Test

28
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

compared volume and specific gravity of day and night

A

Mosenthal Test

29
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

  1. Quantitative measurement of CONCENTRATING ABILITY
  2. Measures only the number of PARTICLES in solution
A

Osmometry

30
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

Performed for more accurate evaluation of renal concentrating ability

A

Osmolality

31
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

Measurement of freezing point depression

A

Freezing point osmeter

32
Q

TUBULAR REABSORPTION:

1 mol of non-ionizing substance dissoved in1 kg of water is known to LOWER freezing point

A
  • 1.86 deg celsius
33
Q

Measure tubular secretion of nonfiltered substances; measured by a substance THAT IS SECRETED

A

Tubular Secretion and Renal Blood Flow

34
Q

TUBULAR SECRETION:

Tests (2)

A
  1. Phenolsulfonpththalein (PSP) dye
  2. P-aminohippuric Acid Test (PAH Test)
35
Q

Titratable Acidity and Urinary Ammonia

A

Tubular Secretion

36
Q

Normal person excretes approximately _____ of titratable acids

A

70 mEq/day

37
Q

Inability to produce Acidic urine
Metabolic acidosis

A

Renal Tubular Acidosis

38
Q
  1. Impaired secretion of hydrogen ions in PROXIMAL convulated tube
  2. Defects in Ammonia secretion with DISTAL convulated
A

Renal Tubular Acidosis

CLINICAL MICROSCOPY (24 decks)

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