Renal Failure

Question 1

at what stage do sxs of renal failure begin to occur

Answer 1

stages 3-4

Question 2

a GFR of what indicates kidney failure and a need for tx

Answer 2

GFR of less than 15

Question 3

what stage of CRF: diminished renal reserve, no sxs

Answer 3

stages 1 and 2

Question 4

what stage of CRF: renal insufficiency, polyuria, increases in BUN and creatinine

Answer 4

stages 3 and 4

Question 5

what stage of CRF: GFR below 15, increased BUN and creatinine, increased sodium, increased potassium, decreased calcium, increased phosphate

Answer 5

stage 5

Question 6

what labs are elevated in stage 5 CRF

Answer 6

BUN
creatinine
potassium
phosphate
sodium

Question 7

what labs are decreased in stage 5 CRF

Answer 7

GFR

calcium

Question 8

T or F: in stage 5 CRF you have N/V/D

Answer 8

FALSE, you have n/v and constipation

Question 9

is UO increased or decreased in stage 5 CRF

Answer 9

decreased

Question 10

most common perfusion issue in stage 5 CRF

Answer 10

HTN

Question 11

heart issues that may occur in stage 5 CRF

Answer 11

pericardial effusion

pericardial tamponade

Question 12

why would pts with stage 5 CRF have hypoglycemia

Answer 12

they are unable to metabolize insulin

Question 13

common class of med given in stages 1-2 of CRF

Answer 13

ACE inhibitors

Question 14

why are ACE inhibitors not given frequently past the 2nd stage of CRF

Answer 14

nephrotoxic

Question 15

T or F: pts with CRF are not usually fluid restricted

Answer 15

FALSE

Question 16

meds used to treat gout in stage 5 CRF

Answer 16

allopurinol

cholichine

Question 17

why are meds usually held until after dialysis

Answer 17

meds can be filtered out of the body during tx

Question 18

phosphate binding agent

Answer 18

renagel

Question 19

med that may be given to treat anemia in CRF

Answer 19

epogen

Question 20

teaching with iron supplements

Answer 20

may cause dark/tarry stools

Question 21

diet teaching with phosphorus in CRF

Answer 21

limit high P foods to 7-8 oz of meat, poultry, or fish and 4 oz of dairy or milk products

Question 22

this type of food contains a lot of phosphorus

Answer 22

beans

Question 23

diet teaching with potassium in CRF

Answer 23

limit to 2000 mg/day

Question 24

diet teaching with sodium in CRF

Answer 24

consume low sodium diet

Question 25

diet teaching with protein in CRF

Answer 25

consume 7-8 oz/day

Question 26

diet teaching with fiber in CRF

Answer 26

increase naturally found fibers (veggies)

Question 27

diet teaching with fluids in CRF

Answer 27

fluid restricted, 1000-2500 cc/day

Question 28

the goal of this is to remove the end products or protein metabolism such as urea and creatinine, maintain safe concentration of electrolytes and correct acidosis/replensih bicarb levels

Answer 28

dialysis

Question 29

type of dialysis that a pt must be able to perform on their own

Answer 29

peritoneal dialysis

Question 30

diet teaching with periotenal dialysis

Answer 30

increase potassium

Question 31

for what types of pts is peritoneal dialysis contraindicated

Answer 31

COPD
abdominal adhesions/scarring
hernia

Question 32

potential complications of peritoneal dialysis

Answer 32

peritonitis
local site infection
hernia

Question 33

T or F: any licensed nurse can perform a dressing change on a hemocath

Answer 33

FALSE, must be the dialysis nurse

Question 34

used for dialysis: surgery performed that leaves pt with one of their own arteries and veins fused together, takes 2-3 months before use

Answer 34

fistula

Question 35

used for dialysis: surgery performed that leaves pt with a plastic device connecting an artery and a vein, takes 2 weeks before use

Answer 35

graft

Question 36

how to tell if a fistula is patent

Answer 36

feel for thrill

listen for bruit