ARDS

Question 1

syndrome classified by severe acute respiratory failure, non-cardiac pulmonary edema, bilateral lung infiltrates, and refractory hypoxemia

Answer 1

ARDS

Question 2

when pt is on 100% o2 but ABGs still show acidosis

Answer 2

refractory hypoxemia

Question 3

released following an injury to the lungs

Answer 3

cytokines and neutrophils

Question 4

lipoprotein that reduces surface tension

Answer 4

surfactant

Question 5

increased permeability of the alveolar capillary barrier leading to an influx of fluid into the alveoli

Answer 5

pulmonary edema

Question 6

severe sepsis, hypovolemic shock, severe non-thoracic trauma, non-cardiac pulmonary edema, multiple long bone fractures, drug overdose, hypertransfusion, reperfusion injury, anaphylaxis, acute pancreatitis

Answer 6

indirect lung injury risk factors for ARDS

Question 7

aspiration of gastric content, severe thoracic tramua, diffuse pulmonary infection, toxic gas inhalation, fat embolism, severe pulmonary hemorrhage, near drowning

Answer 7

direct lung injury risk factors for ARDS

Question 8

VS in ARDS

Answer 8

increased HR
increased RR
decreased o2

Question 9

normal (V) ventilation volume

Answer 9

4 L air/min

Question 10

normal (Q) perfusion volume

Answer 10

5 L blood/min

Question 11

V/Q ratio in which ventilation exceeds perfusion

Answer 11

greater than 0.8

Question 12

V/Q ration in which perfusion exceeds ventilation

Answer 12

less than 0.8

Question 13

ABGs in initial stage of ARDS

Answer 13

respiratory alkalosis

Question 14

ABGs in later stage of ARDS

Answer 14

respiratory acidosis

metabolic acidosis

Question 15

dx tests for ARDS

Answer 15

chest x-ray

pulmonary artery catheterization

Question 16

PAWP in ARDS

Answer 16

low to normal, less than 18

Question 17

normal PAWP

Answer 17

4-12

Question 18

T or F: pts with ARDS must be intubated

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

T or F: pts with ARDS must have PEEP

Answer 19

TRUE