Mechanical Ventilators

Question 1

non-invasive ventilator where client is placed in an airtight apparatus surrounding their chest

Answer 1

negative pressure ventilator

Question 2

examples of pts who may have non-invasive ventilator

Answer 2

ALS

MG

Question 3

ventilator: during inspiration pressure is generated that pushes air in and expands chest

Answer 3

positive pressure ventilator

Question 4

modes of ventilation: fixed rate and tidal volume, breaths initiated automatically

Answer 4

controlled

Question 5

disadvantage of controlled ventilation

Answer 5

if pt attempts to initiate a breath the ventilator blocks it

Question 6

modes of ventilation: tidal volume and ventilatory rate are preset, can respond to pts inspiratory effort if breath is initiated

Answer 6

assist-control

Question 7

what test determines the type of vent and settings needed

Answer 7

ABGs

Question 8

modes of ventilation: tidal volume and rate are preset, allows spontaneous breathing at pts own rate and tidal volume

Answer 8

SIMV

Question 9

types of vents often used in weaning process

Answer 9

SIMV and pressure support

Question 10

modes of ventilation: set inspiratory pressure, patient determines respiratory rate and duration

Answer 10

pressure support

Question 11

modes of ventilation: constant flow of air around ventilator circuit, when pt starts to inhale a deflection in the flow is noted and the vent delivers a breath

Answer 11

continuous flow

Question 12

amount of air displaced between normal inspiration and expiration

Answer 12

tidal volume

Question 13

amount of o2 delivered by ventilator

Answer 13

fraction of inspired o2

Question 14

the amount of pressure the ventilator is delivering

Answer 14

flow

Question 15

pressure needed by the vent to deliver a set tidal volume at a given dynamic compliance

Answer 15

peak airway inspiratory pressure (PIP)

Question 16

what can an increased PIP indicate

Answer 16

increased airway resistance
increased amt of secretions
pulmonary edema
decreased pulmonary compliance

Question 17

application of positive airway pressure throughout the entire respiratory cycle for a spontaneously breathing pt

Answer 17

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Question 18

normal levels of CPAP

Answer 18

5-15

Question 19

positive pressure exerted during expiratory phase of ventilation

Answer 19

positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)

Question 20

when is PEEP indicated

Answer 20

for tx of hypoxemia that does not improve with increased o2 concentration

Question 21

TPN must go thru a ____ and PPN must go thru a ____

Answer 21

central line, peripheral line

Question 22

increased secretions, cough/gag, bite tube, airway size decreased, pneumothorax, artificial airway displaced, obstruction in tubing, increased PIP, decreased lung compliance

Answer 22

reasons why high pressure alarm may sound

Question 23

leak in vent preventing breath from being delivered, pt stops spontaneously breathing in SIMV or CPAP mode, cuff leak occurs in ET tube

Answer 23

reasons why low pressure alarm may sound

Question 24

is a high pressure alarm or a low pressure alarm worse

Answer 24

low pressure