Burns Flashcards
you should get intervention within how many hours of a burn to increase survival rate
12 hours
superficial partial thickness/1st degree burn
epidermis is destroyed, goes into dermis
deep partial thickness/2nd degree burn
epidermis and upper levels of dermis destroyed, deep into dermis
full thickness/3rd degree burn
epidermis and dermis destroyed, sq tissue injured or destroyed, muscle and bone may be injured
which type of burn is the most painful
2nd degree
which type of burn has no pain
3rd degree
blisters are most common in what type of burn
2nd degree
burn: reddened, blanches with pressure, dry
1st degree
burn: blisters, mottled red base, weeping, edema
2nd degree
burn: dry, pale, white, leathery or charred, broken skin with fat exposed, edema
3rd degree
water temp to treat 1st degree burns
cool
T or F: aloe is recommended following a burn
FALSE
priority when any part of the neck, chest, face is burned
airway
rule of nines: head and neck
9%
rule of nines: arms
each arm: 9%
both arms: 18%
rule of nines: legs
each leg: 18%
both legs: 36%
rule of nines: anterior trunk
18%
rule of nines: posterior trunk
18%
rule of nines: genitals
1%
T or F: you should put water on a chemical burn
FALSE
biggest risk following electrical injury
cardiac
most common cardiac issue following electrocution
v-fib
after defibrillation, you must check what
carotid pulse
emergent/resuscitative stage of burn
onset-48 hours
acute stage of burn
48 hours-wound closure
rehabilitative stage of burn
wound closure-reach highest level of fxn
parkland formula
4 ml x kg x % of TBSA burned
problems in emergent phase
fluid loss, edema, reduced blood flow, fluid and electrolyte imbalance
problems in acute phase
perfusion, pneumonia, infection
when does the rehab phase begin
when pt first arrives to facility
T or F: burn victims should not take aspirin
TRUE
increased capillary permeability, fluid leakage/third spacing, fluid volume deficit/hemeconcentration, decreased cardiac output, stroke volume, tissue perfusion, and BP, metabolic and respiratory acidosis: s/s of what
burn shock
h and h, na, k, bun, creatinine: increased or decreased in burn victims
increased
10-20% carbon monoxide poisoning s/s
HA, dizzy, N/V, vague sxs
21-40% carbon monoxide poisoning s/s
drowsy, irritable, change in personality, decreased HR/BP, pale or dark red skin
41-60% carbon monoxide poisoning s/s
convulsions, coma, DEATH IS NEAR
tx of carbon monoxide poisoning
hyperbaric o2 chambers
s/s of heat inhalation
edema of airway, laryngospasms, swollen lips, hoarseness
GI issues in burn pts
paralytic ileus
curling’s ulcer
important assessments r/t fluid balance in burn pts
edema
lung sounds
I&O
daily wts
topical enzyme used to debride burns
santyl
linear incision that releases constriction of underlying tissue in an effort to improve perfusion
escharotomy
incision made to relieve swelling beneath skin
fasciectomy
own skin transplanted
autograft
skin transplant from one human to another
homograft
skin transplant from another species
heterograft/xenograft
T or F: you should limit carbs in burn pts
TRUE, can increase risk of infection
why is TPN/PPN usually avoided in burn pts
risk of infection
