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CPR > Renal Embryology > Flashcards

Renal Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Origin and Location fo Intermediate Mesoderm

A

1) Origin: Epiblast Layer -> Mesenchymal Cells
2) Location: Trunk; Lateral to Somites

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2
Q

What forms the Nephrogenic Cord?

A

Urogenital Ridge

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3
Q

What forms the Urogenital ridge?

A

Intermediate Mesoderm

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4
Q

What does the Nephrogenic Cord Form?

A

1) Pronephros
2) Mesnephros
3) Metanephros

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5
Q

Pronephros develps during what week? Where is it located?

A

1) 4th
2) Cervical region

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6
Q

When does the Pronephros Degenerate

A

24th - 25th day

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7
Q

Pronephros Includes ___

A

Pronephric Ducts

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8
Q

The Pronephric Ducts are formed from ____ and open into ___.

A

Intermediate Mesoderm

Cloaca

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9
Q

Mesonephros Develops ____ wk. Where is it located?

A

4th wk

Caudal to Pronephros

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10
Q

What does the mesonephros include?

A

1) Mesonephric Ducts
2) Mesonephric Tubules

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11
Q

What induces the surrounding mesoderm to form Mesonephric Tubules

A

Mesonephric Ducts

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12
Q

What does Mesonephric Tubules Form

A

Renal Corpuscles

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13
Q

By 6-10 wks mesonephric tubules will form and produce small amounts of ___

A

Urine

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14
Q

Medial end of mesonephric tubules will form ______

A

Glomerular Capsule

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15
Q

Mesonephric tubules degenerate by ___

A

12 wk

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16
Q

In males MEsonephric Tubules will not degenerate and will form ____

A

Efferenet Ductles

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17
Q

Metanephros begins to form ___ wk

A

5th

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18
Q

What induces Metanephros development

A

Mesonephric Duct

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19
Q

What makes up the metanephros

A

Uteric Bud

Metanephric Blastma

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20
Q

What derives the uteric bud

A

out growth of Mesonephric Duct

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21
Q

What is the metanephric blastema developed from>

A

Nephrogenic Cord

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22
Q

Functional Definitive Kidney forms by wks __ - __-

A

9th-10th

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23
Q

Functional Definitive Kidney will have ___ portion and ____ portion

A

Excretory

Collecting

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24
Q

Origin of Mesonephric Ducts

A

Persistent Pronepric Ducts (intermediate mesoderm0

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25
Q

Ureteric Bud will develp the ___ portion

A

Collecting

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26
Q

What does the Ureteric Bud Form

A

1) Ureter via stalk of Ureteris Bud
2) Renal Pelvis
3) Major and Minor Calyces
4) Collecting Ducts

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27
Q

Metanephric Blastema forms the ___ portion

A

Excertory Protion

28
Q

What does the Metanephric Blastema Form?

A

1) Bowman’s Capsule
2) Proximal Convoluted tubule
3) Loop of Henle
4) Distal Convoluted Tubule

29
Q

Describe Nephron Development

A

1) Cranial poriton of ureteric bud forms collecting tubules
2) Collecting Tubules Branch –> Arched Collecting tubules
3) Arched Collecting Tubules induce Metanephrogenic Blastema to form Metanephric vesicles
4) Metanephric vesicle enlogates to for metanephric tubule
5) Proximal Metanephric Tubule form Glomerular Capsule
6) Distal Metanephric Tubule forms PCT DCT amd Nephron Loop
7) DCT connects to arched collecting tubule

30
Q

Ventral Cloaca is the ___ hindgut

A

distal

31
Q

Ventral Cloaca splits into two things. What are they?

A

Urogenital Sinus

Anorectal Canal

32
Q

Urogenital Sinus Becomes forms the ____ and ___

A

Bladder

Urethral Development

33
Q

Urogenital Sinus is split up into 3 parts. What are they?

A

1) Vesical Part
2) Pelvic Part
3) Phallic Part

34
Q

Vesical Part of the Urogenital Sinus forms:

A

Majority of Urinary Bladder

35
Q

Pelvic Part of Urogenital Sinus forms ___ and ____ and ____

A

Neck of Bladder

Prostatic Urethra (m)

Urethra (f)

36
Q

Phallic Part forms what?

A

Spongy Urethra (m) and Lining of Vaginal Vestibule

37
Q

Bladder Epithelium is derived from

A

Endoderm (Urogenital Sinus)

38
Q

Submucosa and Muscularis of Bladder is derived from ___

A

Splanchnic Mesoderm

39
Q

Trigone of Bladder is made from

A

Intermediate Mesoderm (Mesonephric Ducts)

40
Q

Describe Epispadias

A

Dorsal Urethral Opening (Dorsum of genital tubercle) Rather than Ventral

41
Q

____ is often associated with Epispadias

A

Extrophy of Bladder

42
Q

When does Extrophy of the Bladder usually occur

A

4th week

43
Q

What Causes Extrophy of Bladder

A

Ventral Wall Closure

44
Q

What derives the fetal cortex (Suprarenal Glands) and the fetal fortical cells.

A

Celomic Epithelium with in surrounding mesoderm

45
Q

What does the Fetal Cortex secrete that is important for maintaining Pregancy

A

DHEA

46
Q

In the Placenta what does the DHEA get converted into?

A

Estradiol

47
Q

Definitive Cortical Cells of derive adult structures of Suprarenal Glands. What do form.

A

Zona Glomerulosa

Zona Fasciculata

Zona Reticularis

48
Q

What are the two types of Renal Agenesis.

A

1) Unilateral
2) Bilateral

49
Q

____ renal agenesis is seen in infants with 1 umbilical a.

A

Unilateral

50
Q

Is Unilateral Renal Agenesis Symptomatic?

A

NO

51
Q

Bilateral Renal Agenesis results in ____

A

Oligohydraminos which leads to Pulmonary Hypoplasia

52
Q

What causes Ureter Duplications

A

Abnormal Divisions of Ureteric Bud

53
Q

What are the two types of Ureter Duplications

A

Incomplete

Complete

54
Q

Describe Incomplete Ureter Duplication

A

Divided Kidney and Bifed Ureter

55
Q

Describe Complete Ureter Duplication

A

Double kidney and bifed ureter or seperate ureters

56
Q

Cause of Horseshoe Kidneys

A

Fusion of inf. poles to form isthmus

57
Q

___ prevents proper superior positioning of kidneys in Horseshoe kidney

A

IMA

58
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD) is ___ recessive and associated with ____

A

1) Autosomal recessive
2) Pulmonary Hypoplasia

59
Q

What is the gene mutation in ARPKD (Polycystic Kidney Disease)

A

PKHD1

60
Q

In ARPKD there are ___ in both kidneys and ___ insufficiency

A

Cyst

Renal

61
Q

There is only one kidney affected in ____

A

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease

62
Q

There is no ____ parenchyma in Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease

A

Cortical

63
Q

The cysts in Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease are made from…..

A

Dilations of Loop of Henle

64
Q

____ remnants of epithelial lining that become infected and enlarged

A

Urachal Cyst

65
Q

____ is when the end of the urachus opens to bladder (inferor) or umbilicus (Superior)

A

Urachal Sinus

66
Q

Describe Urachal Fistula

A

Patent Uraches that allows urine to escape from umbilical orifice

67
Q
A

CPR (18 decks)

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