Renal Embryo Histo- Reynolds

Question 1

Pronephros:

Mesonephros:

Metanephros:

Answer 1

Pronephros: Primitive

Mesonephros: Fish

Metanephros: Man

Question 2

The ureteric bud grows into posterior intermediate _________

Answer 2

The ureteric bud grows into posterior intermediate mesoderm

Question 3

After the _______ bud elongates and branches it becomes the collecting duct system

Answer 3

After the Ureteric bud elongates and branches it becomes the collecting duct system

Question 4

The Metanephric _________ is composed of cells surrounding the metanephric ____(excretory portion)

Answer 4

The Metanephric blastema is composed of cells surrounding the metanephric duct(excretory portion)

Question 5

The primary mesonephric ducts become the mesonephric/_______duct and attach to the _____.

Answer 5

The primary mesonephric ducts become the mesonephric/wolffian duct and attach to the cloaca.

Question 6

Nephrogenesis is _________ at birth in human

Answer 6

Nephrogenesis is completed by birth in human

Question 7

Generations of nephrons form from the branch of the ______ and the inner portion is ____ than the outer

Answer 7

Generations of nephrons form from the branch of the ampulla and the inner portion is older than the outer

Question 8

The allantois is made from the base of the _______

Answer 8

The allantois is made from the base of the BLADDER

Question 9

Oligohydramnios

Answer 9

Potters syndrome: Bilateral renal agenesis- no kidneys leading to no amniotic fluid around fetus.

Question 10

Urachal Fistula

Answer 10

Sphincter between bladder and umbillicus. Leads to fluid dribbling out of Umbilical fistula after birth

Question 11

Sertolic cells secrete ________ inhibiting substance

Answer 11

Sertolic cells secrete Mullerian inhibiting substance

Question 12

___________ stimulates mesonephric ducts to continue to develop into the ductus deferens

Answer 12

Testosterone stimulates mesonephric ducts to continue to develop into the ductus deferens

Question 13

Abscence of Mullerian inhibitory factor or testosterone leads to the ___________ ducts to degenerate and the _________ ducts to continue to develop as oviducts.

Answer 13

Abscence of Mullerian inhibitory factor or testosterone leads to the Mesonephric ducts to degenerate and the Paramesonephric ducts to continue to develop as oviducts.

Question 14

A common defect in males where a second opening on the under side of the penis leads to urine flowing out before the urethra terminates

Answer 14

Urogenital sinus fails to fold

Question 15

Female:

Genital tubercle-> ______

Genital folds -> _______

Genital swellings -> ________

Cranial urogenital sinus -> ______

Answer 15

Female:

Genital tubercle-> clitoris

Genital folds -> labia minora

Genital swellings -> labia majora

Cranial urogenital sinus -> urethra

Question 16

Three functions of the Urinary System

Answer 16

Excretion

Elimination

Homeostatic regulation

Question 17

The homeostatic functions of the kindey are:

Answer 17

Regulate blood olume& pressure

Plasma ion concentraions

Stabalize blood pH

Conserve valuable nutrients

Assists liver

Question 18

The ____ kindey is superior to the ____ kidney

Answer 18

The left kindey is superior to the right kidney

Question 19

Perinephric fat capsule

Answer 19

Thick layer of adipose surrounding the renal capsule

Question 20

Nephrons are where urine production begins and is located within the _____of each renal lobe

Answer 20

Nephrons are where urine production begins and is located within the cortex of each renal lobe

Question 21

The two components of the renal corpuscle are:

Answer 21

bowmans capsule and glomerulus

Question 22

The renal corpuscle is composed of _____ _______ epithelium, proximal conviluted tubule is composed of simple cuboidal _______a brush boarder, distal convoluted tubules are composed of simple cuboidal _______brush boarders.

Answer 22

The renal corpuscle is composed of simple squamous epithelium, proximal conviluted tubule is composed of simple cuboidal with a brush boarder, distal convoluted tubules are composed of simple cuboidal without brush boarders.

Question 23

The type of CT within the renal corpuscle is ______ CT

Answer 23

The type of CT within the renal corpuscle is loose CT

Question 24

Correct order for renal system development

Answer 24

Pronephrus->mesonephrus->metanephrus

Question 25

The ureteric buds are derived from

Answer 25

Intermediate mesoderm

Question 26

The ____________ persist in females and contribute to reproductive structures.

Answer 26

Paramesonephric

Question 27

The renal defect that involves inadequate amounts of urine production in utero is called

Answer 27

Oligohydramnios

Question 28

The renal defect that involves anomalous fusion of the metanephric blastema is called

Answer 28

Horseshoe kidney

Question 29

The renal defect that involves a persistent allantois is called

Answer 29

Urachal fistula

Question 30

Nephrotomes

Answer 30

Segmentally arranged cords in Pronephric ducts

Question 31

This primitive section of the urinary systen has a glomerulus surrounded capsule and is similar to aquatic animal filter/waste removal.

Answer 31

Mesonephrons Mesonephric tubule extends toward capillary bed from mesonephric duct

Question 32

The ________ duct exten caudally, becomes Wolffian duct, atach to cloaca, regres in females, nut become ductus deferens in males.

Answer 32

The **Mesonephric** duct exten caudally, becomes Wolffian duct, atach to cloaca, regres in females, nut become ductus deferens in males.

Question 33

Tip of first _____ gives rise to renal pelvis

Answer 33

Tip of first **ampula** gives rise to renal pelvis

Question 34

Duplex ureter&kidney

Answer 34

3 kidneys caused by having two ureteric buds

Question 35

Potter's syndrome/Olygohydramnios

Answer 35

Bilateral renal agenesis. Fetus does not urinate= no amniotic sac volume. Face compressed, when born usually die due to pulmonary hyperplasia

Question 36

THe pronephros ________ around day 22. The mesonephros turn into the mesonephric ducts and leads to Paramesonephric ducts. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ducts form male tubes and regress in females. The __________ ducts become Female tubes and regress in males.

Answer 36

THe pronephros **degenerates** around day 22. The mesonephros turn into the mesonephric ducts and leads to Paramesonephric ducts. The **mesonephric** ducts form male tubes and regress in females. The **Paramesonephric** ducts become Female tubes and regress in males.

Question 37

Wolffian ducts are also known as Mullerian ducts are also known as

Answer 37

Wolffian ducts are also known as **mesonephric ducts** Mullerian ducts are also known as **paramesonephric ducts**

Question 38

Sertoli cells secrete mullerian inhibiting hormone(AMH) which cause the _____________ ducts to degenerate in males

Answer 38

Sertoli cells secrete mullerian inhibiting hormone(AMH) which cause the **paramesonephric** ducts to degenerate in males

Question 39

Name the indifferent external genitalia

Answer 39

genital eminence, tubercle, folds, urogenital sinus, and genital swellings **GE**t **TFU, G**o **S**wim

Question 40

In males the Genital \_\_\_\_\_\_\_v-\> penis Genital \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_-\> scrotal pouch Genital folds fuse-\> closing urogenital \_\_\_\_\_ Canalization of epithelial seam -\> \_\_\_\_\_\_ Line of fusion -\> \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 40

In males the Genital **tubercle**-\> penis Genital **swellings**-\> scrotal pouch Genital folds fuse-\> closing urogenital **sinus** Canalization of epithelial seam -\> **Urethra** Line of fusion -\> **raphe**

Question 41

Vagina formation Mullerian ducts contact urogenital sinus Epithelial proliferation induces the formation of uterovaginal plate

Answer 41

Vagina formation Mullerian ducts contact urogenital sinus Epithelial proliferation induces the formation of uterovaginal plate

Question 42

Female external genitalia Genital \_\_\_\_\_\_\_-\> clitoris Genital \_\_\_\_\_\_\_-\> labia minora Genital \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_-\> labia majora Cranial urogenital sinus -\> \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 42

Female external genitalia Genital **tubercle**-\> clitoris Genital **folds** -\> labia minora Genital **swellings** -\> labia majora Cranial urogenital sinus -\> **urethra**

Question 43

The inner most layer surounding the kidney is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. It is composed of ________ fibers.

Answer 43

The inner most layer surounding the kidney is the **Fibrous capsule**. It is composed of **collagen** fibers.

Question 44

THe layer between the fibrous capusle and Renal fascia is the

Answer 44

Perinephric fat capsule.

Question 45

The outer layer of the kidney that anchors it to the surrounding structures

Answer 45

**Renal Fascia** The outer layer of the kidney that anchors it to the surrounding structures

Question 46

Where can simple squamous epithelium be found in the kidney? Simple cuboidal?

Answer 46

Simple squamous- renal corpuscle Cuboidal- convoluted tubules

Question 47

What type of CT is present in the renal corpuscle

Answer 47

loose CT

Question 48

The urethra is composed of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ The ureters are composed of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ The bladder is composed of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 48

The urethra is composed of **Urothelium** The ureters are composed of **Transitional epithelium** The bladder is composed of t**ransitional epithelium** and **urothelium**