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Pharmacology > Renal Drugs > Flashcards

Renal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Acetazolamide

A

CAI

Potassium wasting because of high Na+ delivery to distal nephron

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2
Q

Chlorothiazide

A

Thiazide
K+ waster
Reabsorbs Ca2+
Don’t be on probenecid!

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3
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A 
Thiazide
Short half life
K+ waster
Reabsorbs Ca2+
Don't be on probenecid!
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4
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazide-like
Long half life
Tx: HTNk

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5
Q

Bumetanide

A

Loop diuretic
Mainly excreted by kidneys, some metabolized
Short half life

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6
Q

Ethacrynic acid

A

Loop diuretic
Mainly excreted by kidneys, some metabolized
Short half life
SE: ototoxicity

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7
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic and weak CAI
Short half life
Mainly excreted by kidneys, otherwise metabolized in kidney!
Tx: hypercalcemia, too much fluid
SE: hyponatremia, azotemia (BUN and creatinine inc), hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, ototoxicity, Gout

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8
Q

Torsemide

A

Loop diuretic
Mainly metabolized, some excreted
Short half life

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9
Q

Amiloride

A 
Na+ channel inhibitor- most common
Also an antidiuretic- blocks Li uptake by Na+ channels in CD
K+ sparing
Long half-life
Renally excreted
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10
Q

Eplerenone

A

Mineralocorticoid antagonist
K+ sparing
Competitively block mineralocorticoid receptor
Clearance rate decreased by CYP3A4 inhibitors
Act on blood side of nephron

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11
Q

Spironolactone

A

Mineralocorticoid antagonist
K+ sparing
Competitively block mineralocorticoid receptor
Tx: Hyperaldosteronism in Adrenal adenomas and Adrenal hyperplasia.
Treatment of choice for ascites and cirrhosis edema
Chronic use may cause malignancies
Act on blood side of nephron
SE: gynecomastia and agranulocytosis, GI distress

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12
Q

Triamterene

A 
Na+ channel inhibitor
K+ sparing
Short half-life
Metabolized
Folate antagonist-may lead to megaloblastic anemia in cirrhosis
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13
Q

Glycerin

A

Osmotic diuretic
K+ wasting
SE: hyponatremia, dehydration
May cause hyperglycemia once metabolized

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14
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretic
K+ wasting
SE: hyponatremia, dehydration
Don’t use with intracranial bleeding!

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15
Q

Chlorpropamide

A

Antidiuretic
Sulfonylurea
Increases ADH secretion

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16
Q

Desmopressin

A 
Antidiuretic
Synthetic analog of vasopressin
Mainly binds to V2
Tx: Diabetes insipidus
SE: coronary artery constriction, angina, water intoxication
17
Q

Vasopressin

A

Antidiuretic
Binds V1 and V2 receptors
Tx: Diabetes insipidus
SE: coronary artery constriction, angina, water intoxication

18
Q

Probenecid

A

Uricosuric
Tx: Gout
SE: risk of renal stones, interferes with many renal drugs, diuretics (prevents transport into lumen)

19
Q

Allopurinol

A

Uricosuric

Inhibits xanthine oxidase (converts xanthine to uric acid)

20
Q

Colchicine

A

Uricosuric

Reduces neutrophil activity

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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