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Renal > Renal Carcinomas > Flashcards

Renal Carcinomas Flashcards

1
Q

What are some benign tumours on the kidney which can be misdiagnosed as cancer?

A

Renal cysts
Oncocytoma
Angiomyolipoma

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2
Q

What is the main imaging form of kidneys?

A

USS

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3
Q

What significance do renal cysts have?

A

70% benign and asymptomatic.

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4
Q

What is an angiomyolipoma?

A

Benign tumour of vessels, fat and muscles

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5
Q

What is angiomyolipoma associated with?

A

Tuberose sclerosis

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6
Q

Why can angiomyolipoma be an issue?

A

Vessels are fragile so haemorrhage can occur

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7
Q

How are angiomyolipomas treated?

A

Embolisation

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8
Q

True or False

Oncocytoma metastasises to the liver

A

False.

Oncocytoma does not metastasise.

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9
Q

How is an oncocytoma diagnosed?

A

At nephrectomy so may or may not be a renal cell cancer

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10
Q

What does an oncocytoma look like?

A

Radial scarring from central spindle.

Stellate scar

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11
Q

What is the classic presentation for a renal cell carcinoma?

A

Classic triad of
loin pain
Renal mass
Frank haematuria

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12
Q

True or False

Renal cell carcinoma never causes weight loss

A

False.

Paraneoplastic syndrome is very common

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13
Q

At what age range is renal cell carcinoma common?

A

65-75

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14
Q

What kind of cell is a renal cell carcioma?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

Where is the RCC commonly found?

A

PCT

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16
Q

What does a multifocal or bilateral RCC point towards?

A

Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

17
Q

What is von Hippel Lindau syndrome?

A

?

18
Q

What imaging is good for a RCC?

A

Triple phase CT
No contrast
Contrast
Then collecting duct

19
Q

Where does RCC metastasise to?

A

Lungs
Liver
Bone
Brain

20
Q

Describe the spread of a RCC

A 
Within capsule (S1)
Perinephric Fat (S2) 
Regional lymph nodes/renal vein (S3)
Adjacent organs (S4)
21
Q

What is the treatment for RCC?

A

Radical nephrectomy. Removal of whole kidney and perinephric fat

22
Q

True or False

The adrenal gland is usually taken with a nephrectomy

A

False.

Only take if involved

23
Q

What treatment can be given to patients with metastatic RCC?

A

Il2

Interferon alpha

Renal (16 decks)

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