renal and urology incorrects

Question 1

40 yo man. 4 days of flank pain on the left. fever nausea vomiting
temp is 39.6. pulse rate 118 bpm and BP 90/40. imaging shows obstructed left ureteric stone with severe hydronephrosis.

treated with IV antibiotics and fluids.
next step in management?

Answer 1

Nephrostomy! -> renal pelvis needs to be urgently decompressed w nephrostomy . ureteric stent is more definitive, nephrostomy quicker

septic type picture
obstructed infected stone -> medical emergency

nephrostomy is tube letting urine drain from kidney through back

Question 2

renal stones first line imaging?

Answer 2

non contrast ct of renal tract/KUB

red cells and leukocytes seen

Question 3

what is oral duloxetine used to treat?

Answer 3

STRESS urinary incontinence

Question 4

man due for a ct scan with contrast. has a history of CKD

most appropriate treatment beforehand?

Answer 4

0.9% saline

to expand volume and prevent contrast nephropathy

Question 5

IN a patient collapsed on the floor overnight. AKI diagnosed. most likely cause in the setting of a normal CK?

Answer 5

hypovolemia !!!

Question 6

IgA nephropathy vs PSGN timeline?

Answer 6

Iga - days after eg 2

PSGN = 2 weeks!

Question 7

56 woman. HTN and diabetes. signs of kidney damage

which type of antihypertensive is most appropriate?

Answer 7

Ace inhibitor!!!

Ace inhibitors protect renal function in diabetic nephropathy!! in addition to their antihypertensive effects