renal alterations

Question 1

diagnostic studies for BPH

Answer 1

digital rectal exam – prostate with BPH will be symmetrical large and smooth,
prostate specific antigen (PSA) - the protein will be slightly elevated with BPH
transrectal ultrasound
PVR - post void residual (normal is 50ml), for BPH you would see a higher residual

Question 2

BPH interprofessional care

Answer 2

“watchful waiting”
-limit fluid intake in the evening
-avoid decongestant and antichilinergic receptor
-Terazosin a1 receptor blocker to relax the prostate
-Finasteride - 5a reductase inhibitors reduce the size of prostate gland
-Saw palmetto herbal
-Transuretheral resection of the prostate (TURP) surgery –

Question 3

post TURP nursing care

Answer 3

3 way catheter post op
-bladder irrigation, outflow should be light pink
-expect some clots for first 24-36hrs
-antispasmodic medications like (Oxybutinin/Ditropan)
-routine foley cath care
-avoid activities that increase abdominal pressure like sitting or walking for prolonged periods of time
-kegel exercises
-we dont want bowel! straining

Question 4

what is a normal PSA level

Answer 4

if less than 2.5, continue to screen every other year

Question 5

what is the confirming test for prostate cancer

Answer 5

transrectal biopsy

Question 6

drug therapy for prostate cancer

Answer 6

-androgen deprivation therapy suppreses testosterone which reduces tumor growth
-potential complications can be osteoporosis, ED< gynecomastia, mood changes
-chemotherapy can also be used , with the goal of palliative care