Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med-Surge-1 > Endocrine alterations and nursing management > Flashcards

Endocrine alterations and nursing management Flashcards

1
Q

Acromegaly: what gland is affected, what hormone is out of balance?
what symptoms are likely?

A

anterior pituitary, growth hormone is high
symptoms: thickening of bones and soft tissue, deepening of voice, visual distrubances, HA, hyperglycemia, sleep apnea, cardiomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are some complications of Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy

A

leaking cerebral spinal fluid
(and other)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

drug therapy for acromegaly

A

not treatment of choice, but Ocreotide (sandostatin) can decrease GH levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what would be a priority assessment after a transphenoidal hypophysectomy?

what is a complication

A

*neuro checks, bleeding, cerebrospinal fluid, airway, pain control, reduction of ICP, seizure monitoring
*position of patient should be elevated
Dexamethasone - steroid good for brain stuff

complication: diabetes insipidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the thyroid responsible for?

A

metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what causes goiters

A

anything that makes the thyroid gland work harder
-or a lack of iodine in the diet
commonly found in patients with graves disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ is released from the hypothalmus
That in turn stimulates ____ from the ant pituitary
This stimulates ____ from the THyroid gland

A

TRH is released from the hypothalmus
That in turn stimulates TSH from the ant pituitary
This stimulates T3/T4 from the THyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The pt with primary hyperthyroidism will have lab results:
T3 and T4 will be _____
TSH will be ______

A

T3 and T4 will be high
TSH will be low

(b/c of negative feedback)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a test that will differentiate graves from other forms of thyroiditis

A

Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)
the pt with graves will show a diffuse, homogenous uptake, whereas the pt with thyroiditis will show an uptake of less than 2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the nurse is caring for a pt with an elevated T3 T4, what symptoms

A

tachycardi, goiter, exophalamus, excess perspiration, feeling warm
(Treadmill man)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

nursing management for hyperthyroidism

A

heart monitor, oxygen, adequate nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

nursing management for someone with exopthalmus

A

artificial tears, salt restriction to reduce periorbital edema, taping the eyes shut to help them sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hyperthyroidism treatment

A

radioactive iodine is the treatment of choice for non-pregnant patients
antithyroid drugs: Propylthiouracil (PTU), Methimazole (tapazole), beta blocker agents as well

any of the treatments can lead to hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

post operative treatment of thyroidectomy

A

-hypocalcemia is a potential risk
-tetany can lead to laryngeal spasm, keep tracheostomy tray at bedside
support head manually when turning in bed to relieve the stress on the surgical site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

interprofessional care for someone coming in with a thyroid storm

A

start an iv
-beta blockers like propanolol
put them on a cardiac monitor
-give them oxygen
seizure precautions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the pt with primary hypothyroidism will have _____ T3/T4 and ____ TSH

A

low and high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the pt with secondary hypothyroidism will have _____ T3/T4 and ____ TSH

A

low and low

18
Q

to maintain normal thyroidhormone balance the hypothalamus releases

A

TRH

19
Q

a deficiency in TSH will cause

A

hypothyroidism

20
Q

TRH from the hypothalamus stimulates the release of

A

TSH

21
Q

pt has a tumor that is affecting the function of the anterior pituitary gland the TSH release is excessie because of the tummor

A

secondary hyperthyroidism

22
Q

the pt has dysfunction fo the thyorid gland and LOW T3 T4. and elevation TSH

A

primary hypothyroidism

23
Q

myxedema coma

A

low T3T4, dry skin, brady, hypoTNS, low body temp

24
Q

what time of day to give thyroid medications

A

in the morning on an empty stomach

25
Q

what is a normal urine specific gravity?
what is normal calcium

A

1.001=1.030
8.5-10.5

26
Q

what does parathyroid hormone do?

A

raise calcium

27
Q

what is the hormone that lowers calcium

A

calcitonin

28
Q

what is hyperparathyroidism

A

over secretion of PTH will lead to an increased serum calcium level, and low phosphorus levels
this will lead to deceased bone density and osteoporosis

29
Q

treatment of hyperthyroidism

A

increase fluid intake, to dilute the serum calcium
-furosemide IV increases the renal excretion of calcium
-decrease consumption of calcium (No TUMS )
-strain the urine to look for stones
-surgical parathyroidectomy

30
Q

post operative care of parathyroidectomy

A

major considerations:
hemorrhage, can compromise airway, monitor for tetany (tingling and laryngeal spasms), chvostek and trousseau’s signs,
hypocalcemia can develop quickly
encourage early ambulation

31
Q

____ is released from the Hypothalamus
this stimulates ____ from the anterior pituitary
this stimulates ___ from the adrenal glands

A

(CRH) is released from the Hypothalamus
this stimulates (ACHT) from the anterior pituitary
this stimulates (corticosteroids, epinephrine, norepi) from the adrenal glands

CRH, ACHT,
corticosteroids, epinephrine, norepi

32
Q

excess secretion of ACTH will result in

A

cushings syndrome

33
Q

the adrenal medulla secretes what?

A

epi, norepi, dopamine

34
Q

clinical manifestation of cushings syndrome

A

hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis (bicarb loves sodium), hypokalemia

35
Q

what things will stimulate aldosterone release?

A

decreased blood pressure, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia

36
Q

why do people with addisons get hyperkalemia

A

** cardiac monitor **
they arent secreting aldosterone so they are holding on to the potassium

37
Q

what would an ACTH stimulation test show for someone with addisons disease?

A

normally cortisol steroid levels would rise after synthetic admin of ACTH, but with addisons, the cortisol levels will remain the same level as baseline

38
Q

Lab findings for addisons
sodium, potassium, bun, glucose
ECHT

A

sodium low, potassium high, bun high, glucose low
BUN would be high if we don’t have good hydration
ecg would be peaked

39
Q

nursing considerations for addisons disease

A

daily weights
protect from stressors
add salt in the diet esp if they live in hot and humid environment

40
Q

medications for addisons disease

A

hydrocortisone which includes both glucocorticoid and mineral corticoid
may need extra mineralcorticoid (fludrocortisone)

Med-Surge-1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions