Oncology Flashcards
what is a neoplasm
a tumor (can be benign or malignant)
therapies for patients with cancer
chemotherapy (kills cancer cells)
-cure control or palliation
radiation therapy
-shrinks the tumor by hitting with gamma
surgery
-cut out the tumor (solid)
alternative
-palliative and homeopathic care
what are doses of chemotherapy based on
body weight
what color for cytotoxic
yellow
precautions for being around chemo
double gloving, PPE gown, masks, goggles
what are Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
TKIs are a type of targeted therapy that blocks enzymes that are involved in the growth and division of cells
antiemetics for chemo
-Ondasetron (zofran) with side effects of HA and constipation
-Palonosetron (aloxi)
-Lorazepam (ativan) for sleep
-halorepidol
-scopolamine
-prochloperazine COmpazine (side fefects of confusion and dystonia)
-promethazine (phenergan)
Dexamethosone (decadron)
medicaitons for diarrhea
iphenoxylate/atropine (lotomitl)
Loperamide (Imodium)
mucositis drugs
benadryl lidocaine, maalox, nystatin swish and wallow for yeast infections
wash mouth!
tumor lysis syndrome
rapid cellular destruction
leads to Hyperkalemia, Hyperphosphatemia, Hyperuricemia, renal failureand the release of intracellular components
how to treat hyperkalemia
give d50, and iv insulin
to force the potassium back into the cells
diuretics like furosemide
dialysis
K-exelate (binds and poop it out)
how to treat hyperphosphatemia
phosphate binders
how does a spinal cord compression present
back pain and incontinence
5 situations to start vancomycin
PNM, skin soft tissue infection, hemodynamic instability, gram positive, concern for lyme
what the most important thing in a neutropenic fever patient
get the work up and hang the antibiotics without delay
