Renal acid and base regulation Flashcards
the blood buffer system is the
bicarbonate buffer system
CO2 + h2o –> H2CO3 –> hco3 + H
the most important buffer system in the body is what? where?
the bicarbonate buffer sysem, extracellularly
what forms carbonic acid? from what?
carbonic anhydrase, CO2 and water
buffer system’s effects on strong acids and bases
strong acid = produces weak acid
strong bases = weak bases
an increase in HCO3 in the body leads to what?
excretion of HCO3 in at the kidneys, leading to a decrease of CO2 in the body, leading to an decrease in respiration
the phosphate buffer system plays what role?
major role in buffering renal tubular fluid and intracellular fluids
the body’s primary method of removing nonvolatile acid is
through renal excretion
name a form of transport in the body that removes hydrogen ions and occurs virtually everywhere, and name the part of the body where it doesn’t appear
secondary active transport
H-Na coupled transport
does not occur in the descending and ascending limbs of the loop of Henle
primary active hydrogen secretion begins where, and involves what?
begins in the late distal tubules in intercalated cells and involves a H-ATPase transporter
80-90% of bicarbonate reabsorption occurs in the
proximal tubule
a change in plasma pH =
metabolic acidosis/alkalosis
in metabolic acidosis _______ is ___ to the extracellular fluid
new bicarbonate ion is added
in metabolic alkalosis _______ is ___ from extracellular fluid is removed from extracellular fluid by renal excretion
bicarbonate ions is removed
what is the kidney’s lowest possible pH?
4.5
alterations in CO2 output change _____
plasma pH
