Clicker questions Flashcards
Sterling forces: outward forces include
capillary hydrostatic pressure
interstitial free fluid pressure
interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
Sterling forces: inward forces include
plasma colloid pressure
interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
Angiotensin II —>
increases blood pressure
increases Na/H2O reabsorption
increases aldosterone levels
the lowest osmolarity is in the
distal convoluted tubule
ANP —>
increase GFR and decreases Na reabsorption
Hypertension traits —>
increased sympathetic activity
cardiac output
angiotensin II/aldosterone in obese patients
the thin descending loop is highly permeable to which of the following
water
aldosterone is an important regulator of sodium reabsorption and K secretion. one of its main targets is
cells of the macula densa
the macula densa is found in which part of the tubule?
distal convoluted tubule
which of the following would be a result of increased levels of angiotensin II?
increased vasoconstriction
a 1-Na, 1-K, and 2 Cl co transporter is found in the membrane of which of the following part of the renal tubule
thick ascending loop of henle
ADH is formed in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. It is secreted by specialized nerves from which of the following
posterior pituitary
T/F
Acidosis occurs when HCO3 decreases in relation to CO2 in the ECM. When this change is due to a decrease in bicarbonate ion, it is called respiratory acidosis
False
metabolic acidosis
the volume by which the lungs and thorax expand for each unit of pressure change in the transpulmonary pressure is referred to as
compliance
During heavy exercise blood flow thru the lungs increases four to seven fold compared to at rest. this increase is due to which of the following
all of the above
