Pulmonary Circulation

Question 1

what percent of total blood volume is found in the lungs?

Answer 1

9%, around 450 ,l

Question 2

what kind of system is the pulmonary artery?

Answer 2

low pressure/high flow system

Question 3

what kind of system are the bronchial arteries considered

Answer 3

high pressure/low fly system (supplying the lung tissue itself)

Question 4

how do you calculate the pressure gradient in the pulmonary system

Answer 4

mean pulmonary pressure - diastolic pressure in the left atrium

Question 5

what IS the approximate pressure gradient in the pulmonary system?

Answer 5

7 mmHg

Question 6

in the left atrium the mean normal pressure is

Answer 6

2 mmHg

Question 7

describe the behavior of the capillaries during exercise

Answer 7

the number of open capillaries increases 3X, they become distended, and there is an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure

Question 8

at rest the ____ of the lungs show a _______ pattern of pulmonary blood flow while the remainder of the lungs show a ______

Answer 8

apices

zone 2

zone 3

Question 9

because of the physiologic shunt, blood in the ____ arteries contain ____ oxygen per deciliter than blood that has equilibrated with the alveolar air

Answer 9

systemic

less

Question 10

compare the blood in the systemic shunt to the blood which has recently equilibrated with the alveolar air

Answer 10

it contains less oxygen because of the physiological shunt

physiological shunt occurs because of blood that doesn’t get ventilated, such as blood that supplies oxygen to the bronchioles instead of going to the alveolus, after which it returns to the bloodstream deoxygenated

Question 11

reduction of the blood flow to a portion of the lung…

Answer 11

lowers alveolar pCO2 and results in a constriction of the bronchi supplying that portion of the lung