Renal

Question 1

Urine spec grav & osms seen in isosthenuria? A/w with what disease?

Answer 1

1) Spec grav ~1.010 / osms 300

2) Sickle cell disease or trait

Question 2

Causes of false + dip for proteinuria? (4) False - dip? (1)

Answer 2

1) Alkaline urine (pH >8)
2) Gross hematuria
3) Chlorhexidine contamination
4) Phenazopyridine tx

1) Dilute urine (Spec grav <1.010)

Question 3

Ddx of abd mass in infant (5):

Answer 3

1) Multicystic dysplastic kidneys
2) Hydro 2/2 UPJ obstruction
3) polycystic kidney disease
4) renal vein thrombosis
5) tumors (mesoblastic nephroma)
* 1 and 2 make up 40% of all cases

Question 4

Ddx of hydronephrosis in infants (6):

Answer 4

1) UPJ obstruction
2) VUR
3) ureterovesicular obstruction
4) ureterocele
5) bladder outlet obstruction from PUV
6) neurogenic bladder