Gen peds

Question 1

AAP recommended daily Ca/PO4 intake during ages 9-18?

Answer 1

1300mg

Question 2

Osmolar gap formula?

Answer 2

Measured - predicted serum osmoles (Measured - (2[Na] + [glucose]/18 + [BUN]/2.8)

Question 3

Tx for hydrocarbon ingestion?

Answer 3

Observe and obtain CXR in 4-6 hrs. Respiratory support prn

Question 4

1st line tx for migraine in adolescents? 2nd line?

Answer 4

1) NSAIDs 2) Triptan

Question 5

Treatment for child with tight frenulum but normal growth and speech?

Answer 5

1) Nothing. Tip of tongue tends to grow until 4 years of age

Question 6

Most common causes of back pain in adolescents? (2)

Answer 6

1) Spondylolysis

2) Spondylolisthesis

Question 7

Definition of spondylolysis vs spondylolisthesis?

Answer 7

1) Defect in the pars interarticularis

2) Forward slippage of one vertebrae over another (usually L5 on` S1)

Question 8

Abortive and supportive agents used in cyclic vomiting syndrome:

Answer 8

1) Sumatriptan (though not FDA approved in age <18)

2) Ondansetron

Question 9

Avg length of time (and range) from SMR 2-> 5 in girls? Boys?

Answer 9

1) 4 (1.5 - 8)

2) 3 (2 - 5)

Question 10

Avg length of time from onset of breast maturation to menses?

Answer 10

2 yrs (0.5 - 5.75)

Question 11

Pubic hair dev vs breast dev:

1) Which starts first?
2) Ends first?

Answer 11

1) Breast dev

2) Pubic hair dev

Question 12

What is Sever syndrome

Answer 12

Calcaneal apophysitis 2/2 overuse (non-inflammatory).
Affects mostly male athletes 8-13. Dx w/medial+lateral compression of calcaneus.
Treatment supportive (heat, stretching, rest). Resolves in 6wks - 3 months

Question 13

Underlying pathogenesis of ‘cauliflower ear’? Treatment?

Answer 13

1) Auricular hematoma - From Shearing forces that separate skin / perichondrium from tearing of blood vessels
2) Aspiration if occurred within the past 7 days

Question 14

Causes of high msAFP in utero (3)? Low AFP (2)?

Answer 14

1) NTD
2) Abdominal wall defects
3) TEF (unclear why)

1) Trisomy 21 or 18