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Path IV Final JT > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

MC cause of nephrotic dz in children

A

minimal change dz (lipoid nephrosis)

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2
Q

MC cause of nephrotic dz in adults

A

membranous nephropathy

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3
Q

MC cause of GN worldwide

A 
IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) 
assoc w Celiac dz
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4
Q

Strep throat followed by kidney problems is called ___

Is MC cause of _____

A

Post-strep GN

acute nephritic syndrome

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5
Q

Anti-basement membrane Abs. Affects kidney and lung.

A

Goodpastures

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6
Q

mucosal surface ulceration, hemoptysis, eye involvement, GN, C-ANCA

A

Wegeners

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7
Q

Is acute GN MC in women or men?

A

women

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8
Q

Particular pattern of bladder change in chronic cystitis is called _____.
Assoc w _____ bodies (pathognomonic)

A

malakoplakia

Michaelis-Gutmann bodies

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9
Q

Pathognomonic feature of Interstitial cystitis

A

Hunner’s ulcers

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10
Q

Non-infx cystitis cause

A

chemotherapy, radiation

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11
Q

MC cause of acute bacterial cystitis

A

E coli

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12
Q

Large foamy MO with multinucleated cells found in

A

chronic cystitis

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13
Q

Staghorn calculi characteristic of what type of renal stone?

A

triple phosphate

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14
Q

Bacterial infx that may cause triple phosphate crystals?

A

Proteus

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15
Q

3rd MC renal stone?

A

uric acid

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16
Q

What urine pH causes uric acid stone

A

pH of 5.5 or less

17
Q

What stone type can take many forms?

A

uric acid

18
Q

What is the least common stone type?

A

cysteine (d/t genetic defect)

19
Q 
Cystic disease: Adult or Childhood PKD?
A) AR
B) abnormal collagen and elastin
C) more commonly assoc with liver cysts
D) flattened cuboidal epithelium, fibrotic parenchyma with islands of bluish cartilage
A

A) childhood, adult is AD
B) adult
C) adult
D) childhood

20
Q

Medullary sponge kidney or chronic dialysis cyst?
A) irregular tan mass w lg cysts arranged around it
B) cysts involve inner medullary and papillary regions
C) renal cortex appears normal
D) increased risk for renal cell carcinoma

A

A) chronic dialysis cysts
B) medullary
C) medullary
D) chronic dialysis cysts

21
Q 
ATN: Toxic or Ischemic?
A) no nuclei
B) causes skip lesions
C) muddy brown casts
D) MC acute cause of renal failure
A

A) toxic
B) ischemic
C) toxic
D) toxic

22
Q

MC caused by acetaminophen and aspirin

A

analgesic nephropathy

23
Q

Can be caused by strep, legionella, and CMV. MC seen as a result of allergic response to drug

A

AIN

24
Q

What are the findings in nephrotic syndrome?

A

proteinuria
decr serum proteins
incr serum lipid levels
generalized edema

25
Q

What protein(s) is/are lost in the urine in minimal change disease?

A

albumin

26
Q

What kind of stain is used to look at basement membrane in membranous glomerulopathy

A

silver or Jones stain –> spiked appearance

27
Q

MC cause of nephrotic syndrome in Af Americans

A

focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis

28
Q

What are the characteristics in nephritic syndrome?

A 
Hematuria w RBC casts
Minimal proteinuria
HTN
Variable renal insuff (azotemia, oliguria)
Not usu edema
29
Q 
% of Renal stones
A) calcium oxalate
B) triple phosphate (struvite)
C) uric acid 
D) cysteine
A

A) 75%
B) 15%
C) 5-6%
D) 1%

30
Q 
What kind of renal stone?
A) shaped like rectangular roof
B) hexagonal shape
C) shaped like flat envelope
D) can take on multiple shapes
A

A) triple phosphate
B) cysteine
C) calcium ox
D) uric acid

31
Q

Renal stones in general are composed of…

A

salts of carbonates, oxalates, phosphates or uric acid

32
Q

Triple phosphate renal stones are composed of…

A

magnesium ammonium phosphate

33
Q

HUS is characterized by _____(sudden or progressive) onset of symptoms that follow ____(what type of illness)?

A

sudden

GI infx or flu-like illness

34
Q

MC involved bacteria in HUS

A

E coli 0157:H7 (related to Shiga-like toxin)

35
Q

HUS is often considered to be part of a syndrome with what other illness?

A

TTP

36
Q

Histo of HUS

A

thickening of glomerular capillary walls
swelling of endothelial cells
fibrin thrombi in lumen

37
Q

Common cause of cystitis in Middle East, Egypt

A

Schistosomiasis

38
Q

Common bacterial causes of chronic cystitis

A

E coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter

Path IV Final JT (5 decks)

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