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Path IV Final JT > Musc Skel > Flashcards

Musc Skel Flashcards

1
Q

Paget’s appearance on XR

A

cotton ball appearance

widened bone with coarse trabecular marking

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2
Q

Incr risk of ____ with Paget’s

A

osteosarcoma

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3
Q

Name each condition
A) brittle bone disease, genetic
B) softening of bones, Vit D or Ca deficiency
C) rare inherited, bones become more dense
D) infection of bone or bone marrow

A

A) osteogenesis imperfecta
B) Rickets (in adults, osteomalacia)
C) osteopetrosis
D) osteomyelitis

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4
Q 
Paget's T or F
A) aka osteitis deformans
B) decreased osteoclast / blast activity
C) elevated alk phos
D) narrow trabeculae of osteoid
A

A) T
B) F accelerated activity, incr bone turnover
C) T
D) F mosaic pattern of lamellar bone

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5
Q

In Paget’s a fracture is characterized by

A

breaking straight across

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6
Q

MC organism assoc with osteomyelitis

A

Staph aureus

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7
Q

With osteomyelitis, children are mostly affected in the ____ bones while adults are mostly affected in the ____ bones

A 
children = long bones
adults = vertebrae and pelvis
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8
Q 
Bone cysts: solitary or aneurysmal?
A) honey-combed appearance
B) occur in metaphysis of long bns, vertebrae
C) occur in distal ends long bones
D) symmetrical
A

A) aneurysmal
B) aneurysmal.
C) solitary
D) solitary

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9
Q

Condition assoc w deficiency of Type 1 collagen

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

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10
Q

avascular osteonecrosis of the epiphysis of the femoral head

A

legg-calve-perthes

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11
Q 
Osteoporosis: primary or secondary?
A) advanced age
B) immobilization
C) hyperparathyroidism
D) menopause
A

A) primary
B) secondary
C) secondary
D) primary

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12
Q 
Bone cysts: solitary or aneurysmal?
A) occurs in young men
B) occurs in females in 20s, 30s
C) recurrence common
D) cavity filled w clear/bloody fluid
A

A) solitary
B) aneurysmal
C) aneurysmal
D) solitary

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13
Q

MC type of joint disease

A

osteoarthritis

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14
Q

Histo of osteroarthritis

A

fibrous lined cysts in subchondral bone, osteophytes

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15
Q

The breakdown of articular cartilage is triggered by the release of ____ by chondrocytes

A

cytokines such as IL-1 IL-6 and TNF-alpha

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16
Q

Nodules on DIPS?

Nodules on PIPS?

A

Heberden’s nodes

Bouchard’s nodes

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17
Q

Changes within the joint in ostearthritis

A

joint space narrowing, bone spurs, subchondral bone cysts

18
Q

Bilateral, symmetrical fusiform swelling and redness of PIPs, MCT, MTP

A

RA

19
Q 
JIA or RA?
A) subcutaneous nodules infrequent
B) more joint pain
C) 80% of cases assoc w RF
D) more frequent high fever, rash, LAD
A

A) JIA
B) RA
C) RA (vs 10-20% in JIA)
D) JIA

20
Q

MC GU infx that precedes reactive arthritis

A

Chlamydia

21
Q

Name for clinical triad of RA, including splenomegaly and manifestations of hypersplenism

A

Felty’s syndrome

22
Q

Genetic mutation for most seronegative spondyloarthropathies?

A

HLA-B27

23
Q 
RA, AS, PA, Reactive or Septic?
A) Axial skeleton is affected
B) Affects DIPs
C) proliferative exudative synovitis 
D) dactylitis
A

A) AS
B) PA
C) RA
D) reactive, PA

24
Q

Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystals (bifringent) deposit in knees/ankles

A

Pseudogout

25
Q

Pathognomonic lesion of gout

A

tophus, MTP 1

26
Q

Viral causes of arthritis

A

Parvo B19, rubella, Hep C, HIV

27
Q

Crystal that causes gout

A

uric acid

28
Q 
Causes septic arthritis (organism)
A) elderly, immunocomp
B) MC older children/adults
C) 2nd MC cause
D) Sickle cell pts
A

A) E coli
B) Staph aureus
C) Strep spp
D) Salmonella

29
Q

T or F

Reactive arthritis is caused by pathogens infecting the joints

A

F, arthritis is caused by antibody response to LPS in cell wall of organism. The organisms themselves do not infect joints.

30
Q

Reactive arthritis triad

A

non-gonococcal urethritis or cervicitis, conjunctivitis, and arthritis

31
Q 
RA, AS, PA, Reactive or Septic?
A) pitting of nails
B) HLA-DR4
C) follows GU and GI infx
D) hyperplastic synoviocytes
A

A) PA
B) RA
C) reactive
D) RA

32
Q

MC form of muscular dystrophy

A

Duchenne’s

33
Q

Poly, dermatomyositis, or Inclusion body?
A) no skin involvement
B) T8 lymphocyte infiltration
C) periorbital heliotrope rash and Gottran’s sign
D) 50% of cases dt paraneoplastic syndrome

A

A) poly
B) poly
C) dermato
D) dermato

34
Q

X-linked inability to produce dystrophin, resulting in excess Ca++ causing oxidative stress (death of cell)

A

Duchenne’s

35
Q

MG or Lambert-Eaton?
A) Ab block Ach receptors post synapse
B) Assoc w small cell lung CA
C) Abs target presynaptic Ca++ channels, inhibiting Ach release

A

A) MG
B) LE
C) LE

36
Q

People with MG also tend to have abnormalities of the _____.
What form of abnormality in males? females?

A

thymus
thymoma in males
thymic hyperplasia in females

37
Q

MG or Lambert-Eaton?
A) lymphocytes; pale/atrophic muscle fibers
B) better w initial exertion, then worse
C) worse activity / better rest

A

A) MG
B) LE
C) MG

38
Q

Poly, dermatomyositis or Inclusion body?
A) adults; rare/nonexistent in persons younger than 20
B) slowly progressive weakness and wasting of distal and proximal muscles
C) mixed B and T cell inflamm infiltrate
D) dysphagia is a poor prognostic sign

A

A) poly
B) inclusion
C) dermato
D) poly

39
Q

focal areas of white blood cells and other inflammatory cells, the appearance of vacuoles in the muscle, deposits of amyloid-related proteins within the muscle cells

A

inclusion body myositis

40
Q

Muscles fibers appear

pale & enlarged, invasion by macrophages

A

polymyositis

41
Q

Inflammatory cells invading muscle
Necrotic muscle fibers under inflammatory cells
Regenerating muscle fibers.

A

dermatomyositis

42
Q

Arthritis assoc with IBD, IgG associated

A

enteropathic arthritis

Path IV Final JT (5 decks)

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