renal

Question 1

FSGN

Answer 1

HIV, IVDA, Heroin

AA, hispanic
Sickle cell, CKD

Question 2

membranous nephropathy

Answer 2

white,
HBV, HCV
SLE

Question 3

membranoproliferative

Answer 3

type 1: tran track, PSA +, HBV, HCV

type 2: decreased C3 b/c of stablization of c3 convertase.

Question 4

ANP

Answer 4

works at DISTAL nephron
indrease GFR,
decrease renin,
RELAX vascular smooth m (arterioles)

Question 5

ATII

Answer 5

ATII works at the AT R which is a Gq (IP3, Ca++) on the vascular smooth m to cause vasoC

ATII constrict Efferent arteriole to Increase GFR, = RBF, increase FF

ATII at PCT causes an increase in the Na/H+ pump. pump out more H+ of the body. keep Na, HCO3-, Water

HypoThalamus= thirst!

Question 6

ATII releases Aldo. what does that do?

Answer 6

Also releases Aldo which works at the princple cells of the collecting duct. Increase Na/K pump action to pump out more K+ out of the body. H+ will follow K –> contraction alkalosis!
also increase K+ channels and H+ATPase

Question 7

causes of Dystrophic calcification

Answer 7

= Ca Serum
secondary to necrosis
TB, pericardium and lungs
chronic abscess after liquefaction necrosis (brain)
fat necrosis
schistosomiasis
mockenberg
congential CMV, toxo
psammoma bodies

Question 8

causes of metastatic calificaton

Answer 8

high Ca serum deposition in tissues (GI, kidney, lungs, high PH favors deposition)
Primary Hyper PTH
sarcoidosis
high Vit D
chronic Renal Failure= 2ndary hyper PTH + calciphylaxis: vascular calcification, thrombosis and skin necrosis.
long term dialysis
WARFARIN!