Renal

Question 1

Renal blood flow is equal to ……. ml/min

Answer 1

1200

Question 2

kidneys account for how much of body mass?

Answer 2

0.5%

Question 3

what are the 2 types of nephrons?

Answer 3

cortical & juxtamedullary

Question 4

how many nephrons in the body?

Answer 4

1-1.25 million

Question 5

what is the most numerous nephron type?

Answer 5

cortical: 80-85% of all nephrons

Question 6

What is the purpose of the renal corpsucle?

Answer 6

filtration

Question 7

What is the purpose of the renal tubule?

Answer 7

reabsorption & secretion

Question 8

what sort of capillaries are in the glomerulus?

Answer 8

fenestrated capillaries

Question 9

what is the purpose of podocytes?

Answer 9

they cover the fenestrated capillaries and only allow H20 & small solutes to pass

Question 10

where does filtration begin?

Answer 10

in the capsular space

Question 11

why does the proximal tubule aid in high reabsorption?

Answer 11

• simple cuboidal epithelium
• microvilli= increase SA
• increased diffusion rate`

Question 12

Where does 100% of glucose + proteins reabsorb?

Answer 12

Proximal Tubule

Question 13

Where is 65% of water/ion reabsorbed?

Answer 13

Proximal tubule

Question 14

what is the final section of the kidney tubule?

Answer 14

distal tubule

Question 15

Where does 20% H20 water absorption occur?

Answer 15

Nephron loop- facilitated by simple squamous epithelium

Question 16

The three layers of the ureter:

Answer 16

1) Inner mucosa
2) muscularis
3) adventita

Question 17

How much volume does the urinary bladder hold?

Answer 17

700-800ml- highly distensible

Question 18

What 3 pressures drive net filtration?

Answer 18

1) Glomerular Blood Hydrostatic Pressure- most significant 55mmHg (need to keep this UP to MAINTAIN BLOOD FLOW)
2) Capsular Hydrostatic Pressure (CHP)
3) Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure (BCOP)

Question 19

GBHP forces fluid …… glomerulus capillary

Answer 19

out of

Question 20

CHP ….. fluid from exiting the glomerulus capillaries

Answer 20

resists

Question 21

BCOP ….. fluid loss in the capsular space

Answer 21

opposes

Question 22

How much filtrate ( L) is produced per day for males and females?

Answer 22

males= 180L p/day = 125ml/min
females= 150L p/day= 105ml/min

Question 23

In regards to the myogenic mechanism, constricting the AFFERENT arteriole will …. GFR

Answer 23

decrease

Question 24

In regards to the myogenic mechanism, constricting the EFFERENT arteriole will … GFR

Answer 24

increase

Question 25

In regards to the myogenic mechanism, dilating the AFFERENT arteriole will …. GFR

Answer 25

increase

Question 26

In regards to the myogenic mechanism, dilating the EFFERENT arteriole will …. GFR

Answer 26

decrease

Question 27

Angiotensin II vaso…… to ….. GFR

Answer 27

vasoconstricts, reduce

Question 28

Proximal Tubule does/ doesn’t possess microvilli?

Answer 28

does

Question 29

the descending limb is ….. to water.

Answer 29

permeable

Question 30

The ascending limb has a …. wall which …………. water passage.

Answer 30

thick, does not aid

Question 31

What 2 cells are distinct in the late section of the Distant Convoluted Tubule?

Answer 31

1) Principle cells: reabsorb Na and K
2) Intercalated cells: secrete H+/ reabsorb HC03