Renal Flashcards
Renal blood flow is equal to ……. ml/min
1200
kidneys account for how much of body mass?
0.5%
what are the 2 types of nephrons?
cortical & juxtamedullary
how many nephrons in the body?
1-1.25 million
what is the most numerous nephron type?
cortical: 80-85% of all nephrons
What is the purpose of the renal corpsucle?
filtration
What is the purpose of the renal tubule?
reabsorption & secretion
what sort of capillaries are in the glomerulus?
fenestrated capillaries
what is the purpose of podocytes?
they cover the fenestrated capillaries and only allow H20 & small solutes to pass
where does filtration begin?
in the capsular space
why does the proximal tubule aid in high reabsorption?
- simple cuboidal epithelium
- microvilli= increase SA
- increased diffusion rate`
Where does 100% of glucose + proteins reabsorb?
Proximal Tubule
Where is 65% of water/ion reabsorbed?
Proximal tubule
what is the final section of the kidney tubule?
distal tubule
Where does 20% H20 water absorption occur?
Nephron loop- facilitated by simple squamous epithelium
The three layers of the ureter:
1) Inner mucosa
2) muscularis
3) adventita
How much volume does the urinary bladder hold?
700-800ml- highly distensible
What 3 pressures drive net filtration?
1) Glomerular Blood Hydrostatic Pressure- most significant 55mmHg (need to keep this UP to MAINTAIN BLOOD FLOW)
2) Capsular Hydrostatic Pressure (CHP)
3) Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure (BCOP)
GBHP forces fluid …… glomerulus capillary
out of
CHP ….. fluid from exiting the glomerulus capillaries
resists
BCOP ….. fluid loss in the capsular space
opposes
How much filtrate ( L) is produced per day for males and females?
males= 180L p/day = 125ml/min
females= 150L p/day= 105ml/min
In regards to the myogenic mechanism, constricting the AFFERENT arteriole will …. GFR
decrease
In regards to the myogenic mechanism, constricting the EFFERENT arteriole will … GFR
increase
In regards to the myogenic mechanism, dilating the AFFERENT arteriole will …. GFR
increase
In regards to the myogenic mechanism, dilating the EFFERENT arteriole will …. GFR
decrease
Angiotensin II vaso…… to ….. GFR
vasoconstricts, reduce
Proximal Tubule does/ doesn’t possess microvilli?
does
the descending limb is ….. to water.
permeable
The ascending limb has a …. wall which …………. water passage.
thick, does not aid
What 2 cells are distinct in the late section of the Distant Convoluted Tubule?
1) Principle cells: reabsorb Na and K
2) Intercalated cells: secrete H+/ reabsorb HC03
