Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

physiol > renal > Flashcards

renal Flashcards

1
Q

list the anatomy of renal corpuscle

A

BC: epithelical cells (where fluid filters into) // podocytes
fused on top of basal lamina
glomerulus: endothelial cells
many femestration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 barriers to filtratio.

A

split byw podocyte
basal lamina
glomerula pore size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

order of blood glow in kidney

A

aorta/ cia renal artery / afferent, glomerulus, efferrent arteriole/ peritubular capill // renal gein towards inf vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

NFP

A

(P gc + coloid osmotic of BC) - (PEe BC + coloid osmotic of Gc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 factors affectinng GFR

A
  1. NFP- renal blood flow and BP
    2, filtratio. coefficient
    (SA for Gv available for filtration
    permeable of barrier btw capil & Bc$
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

compare myogrnic response vs tubuloglomerular feedback

A

1/ High bp/ aff.ar constricts / ion channels open / smoth muscle cell depol : VG Ca channel open / aff.a constrict
Less blood flow, GFR
2/ high GFR / flow in tubule and mac.densa ce increase : paracrine from
mac.d signal to aff.-
constrict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

if efferent arteriolr constrixt?

A

P GC and GFR woidl increase bcs thereymore blood in corpiscle
gice versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how to calculate filtered load

A

=Xasma x GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cause of diabetes mellitus?

A

more filtered load glucose -> more glucose in filtrate -> bcs saturated Na/glucose symporter not all gets reabsorbed -> creates glucosknaria (glucose inurine) aand osmotic diulesis (more urine vol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ascending limb vs distal convoluted tube

A
  1. DCT reavsorbs Ca
  2. no paracae transport
    3 parathyroid hmn affects DCT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tell me tb concentra of filtrate along the tubule

A

proximal: same Osm 300
decendign: reabosrb water <Osm 1400
ascending: decrease Osm 100
collecting fuct: reabsord ion and water / increase Osm / 300 1000 1400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how osmoreceptor affect Warer avsorvtion

A

Increase plasma osmolarity -> shrivel -> trigger ADH -> bund to recpe (collec duct) -> more AQII -> water water reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

barorexep - Water reabsorption.?

A

Decrease total body water / ECf -> less blood vol & BP -> send less AP to hypotha-> trogger ADH -> water resorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

compare with and without ADH, the effect on urine?

A

w/ ADH: low volume of concentrated urine
w/o aDH: large vol of diluted urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Osmoreceptor’s role in ADH?

A

< plasma Osm, (high->low) shrink, trigger ADH which binds to recep in collecting duct -> creates more aQII -> more water reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Baroreceptor’s role in H20 handling?

A

> total body water/ ECF, > blood volume/ BP, barorecep send less AP to the hypothalamus, trigger ADH, more water reabsorption

17
Q

RAAS vs ANP

A

renin angiotensen aldersterone vs atrial natriuretic peptide
increse Na+ reabsorption when vol are high vs decrease when vol are high

18
Q

how renin leads to aldersterone production

A

liver releases angiotensinogen regardless of Na+ lvl -> justaglomerular cell releases renin when Na+ lvl are low -> cleave into angiotensin I -> angiotensin II with ACE -> aldersterone

19
Q

between ADH, angiotensin II, aldersterone, ANP- type of hmn

A

only aldersterone is steroid. the rest is peptide

20
Q

how angiotensin II increase Na + reabsorption

A

in proximal tubule, increase the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase and Na+/H
decrese GFR by constricting afferent/efferent -> less filtrate -> more Na+

21
Q

how aldersterone increase Na+ reabsorption

A

in collecting duct,

increase Na+ K+ CHANNELS, increase the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase, increase gene expression (more protein expression)

22
Q

how ANP decrease Na+ reabsorption

A

High Na+/ ECF/ BP -> cardical atrial cell releases ANP
(1) aldersterone production decreased (2) afferent arteriole dilates -> less GFR
-> less Na+ reabsorption

23
Q

regulation of renin via chemoreceptor

A

(in macula densa cell)
If low Na+ lvl pass the macula densa cell, justaglomerular cell trigger renin

24
Q

regulation of renin via baroreceptor in carotid sinus

A

low BP -> baroreceptor send less AP to the juxtaglomerular cells -> trigger renin

25
Q

regulation of renin via baroreceptor in juxtaglomerular cells

A

afferent arteriole deforms, renin released

26
Q

3 types of basic mechanism transporter?

A

channels / transporters / primarty active transporters

27
Q

distinct btw the subtypes of transporters

A

uniporter: carry 1 molec against the c grad.
symporter: 2 molec in the same direction; 1 is favourable with c grad
antiporter: same thing in opp direction

28
Q

if u cut down a tubule what would you see?

A

1 tubule cell, basolateral -> luminal -> luminal -> basoalteral membrane

29
Q

what is the mechanism of tubule transport for reabsorption

A

paracellular: tubule cell to capill
transce;lular: lumina;l -> basolateral -> capill

30
Q

how to calculate GFR?

A

use creatine bcs it would be fully excreted

creatine urine x urine vol / creatine plasma

31
Q

how to calculate the % reabsorptipn?

A

filtered load - amount excreted / filtered load

32
Q

which pressure affecting the glomerular filtration would promote filtration and which one wont?

A

hydrotastic pressre of the glomerular capillaries & TT BC promotes filtration

colooid osmotic pressure of GC and P BC prevents filtration

33
Q

how to calculate the amnt excreted

A

Filtration - Reabsorption )tubule to cpill) + Secretion (capill to tubule towards bladder) = Amtn secreted

34
Q

describe channel/transporter used in colecting duct

A
  • Na and water

Na/K+ ATPase, N+ and K+ channels (regulate by aldosterone)
2 water channels:
- AQII in the luminal regulated by ADH
- AQIII & IV in basolateral

35
Q

describe channel/ transporter used in proximal tubule that’s situated in luminal?

A

Na/ glucose symporter: using Na gradient, transport glucose across the luminal
Na/ ama symporter
1 of 2 water channel; (AQI)
paracellular trasnport
Na/H+ antiporter: using Na gradient, transport ions across the luminal, regulated by angiotensin II

36
Q

compare metabolic acidosis vs alkalosis

A

pH lower than 7 vs pH greater than 7
caused by ecessive brkdown of fats/ama & aspirin vs vomitting and antacid

37
Q

how to regulate < blood volume / BP in 3 ways?

A
  • induce a humoral reponse: ANP released
  • vasodilation: decrease total peripheral assistance
  • decrease SNS activity
38
Q

compare type A vs ttype B in the collecting duct and their effect on pH?

A

when acidic ph VS when basic pH
secretes H+ back into the lumen vs secretes bicarbonate HCO3

physiol (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions