Renal

Question 1

___ becomes ductus deferens and epididymus

Answer 1

mesonephros

Question 2

uteric bud becomes what?

Answer 2

CDs through ureter

Question 3

metanephric blastema becomes what?

Answer 3

glomerulus

Question 4

bilateral hydronephrosis
bladder wall thickening

Answer 4

posterior urethral valves

Question 5

ureters flow over the ___ ___ ___ and under the ___ ___/___ ___

Answer 5

common iliac artery
uterine artery/vas deferens

Question 6

myogenic regulation explained

Answer 6

afferent stretch = vasoconstriction =
decreased RBF

Question 7

tubuloglomerular regulation explained

Answer 7

NaCl delivery to the MD = vasoconstriction = decreased RBF

Question 8

RBF =

Answer 8

RPF / (1-Hct)

Question 9

NSAID effect on arterioles

Answer 9

decrease prostaglandins
constrict afferent arterioles

Question 10

fanconi syndrome

Answer 10

PCT reabsorption defect

Question 11

bartter syndrome presentation

Answer 11

similar to loop diuretic

Question 12

gitelman syndrome presentation

Answer 12

similar to thiazides

Question 13

liddleman syndrome presentation

Answer 13

similar to hyperaldosteronism

Question 14

11B-HSD deficiency presentation

Answer 14

excess cortisone acts as aldosterone

Question 15

hyperkalemia causes (4)

Answer 15

hyperosmolarity
acidosis
beta blockers
anything that blocks Na/K pump

Question 16

RTA 1

Answer 16

alpha intercalated cells can’t secrete H+

Question 17

RTA 2

Answer 17

defective PCT HCO3 reabsorption

Question 18

RTA 4

Answer 18

aldosterone resistance

Question 19

wire lupus

Answer 19

diffuse proliferative GN

Question 20

basket weave appearance on EM

Answer 20

alport syndrome

Question 21

basement membrane tram track appearance

Answer 21

MPGN

Question 22

antibodies to PLA2

Answer 22

membranous nephropathy

Question 23

coffin shaped urine crystals

Answer 23

struvite

Question 24

stress urinary incontinence Tx

Answer 24

kegels

Question 25

diabetic incontinence explanation

Answer 25

detrusor underactivity

Question 26

leaking as urge to urinate comes due to

Answer 26

detrusor overactivity

Question 27

thyroidization of the kidney eosinophilic casts

Answer 27

chronic pyelonephritis

Question 28

xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

Answer 28

orange nodules associated with proteus infection

Question 29

intrinsic renal failure vs prerenal

Answer 29

intrinsic = no reabsorption of solute

Question 30

uremia can cause ___

Answer 30

pericarditis

Question 31

ADPKD gene

Answer 31

polycystin

Question 32

ARPKD gene

Answer 32

fibrocystin

Question 33

medullary cystic kidney disease

Answer 33

small, non-functional kidneys

Question 34

RAS stenosis in young female

Answer 34

FMD

Question 35

renal tumor with central scar

Answer 35

renal oncocytoma

Question 36

acetazolamide can cause RTA ___

Answer 36

2

Question 37

ethacrynic acid

Answer 37

non-sulfa loop diuretic

Question 38

___ mutations = holoprosencephaly

Answer 38

SHH

Question 39

Wnt development

Answer 39

ventral-dorsal

Question 40

SHH development

Answer 40

A-P

Question 41

HOX mutations can lead to what?

Answer 41

appendages in wrong places (isotretinoin)