Renal 1.1 Flashcards
What are the two types of nephrons in the kidney and differences?
Nephron Cortical
Nephron Juxtamedullaire
What is the pressure in the capillaires glomérulaires
50 mmHg
What is the difference in peritubular vs glomular pressure and why is this important?
A higher glomuleral pressure allows for filtration
A lower peritubular pressure allows for re-absorption
What % of blood passes by the vasa recta and what % by the capillaires péritubulaires?
Tout le débit sanguin rénal passe d’abord par
les capillaires glomérulaires. 90% de ce débit irrigue le cortex
(capillaires péritubulaires) et seulement 10% la médullaire («vasa recta»).
Difference between nephron superficiel vs profond?
– Les néphrons superficiels avec glomérules corticaux excrètent plus
facilement le sodium,
– Les néphrons profonds avec glomérules juxtamédullaires ont tendance à réabsorber davantage le sodium (and water).
An increase in blood flow towards which nephron type will lead to a higher absorption of sodium?
néphrons profonds
What does a vasoconstriction corticale lead to in terms of sodium reabsorption and why? During what common condition might this occur? Where must we constrict?
It leads to an inceased sodium reabsorption because more blood is sent to Nephron Juxtamedullaire
l’hypovolémie due to a lot of effort (weight lifting), diarrhea,
key here is that the constriction does not happen at the capillaire afferent but at large interlobular arteries!!!!!
What is insuffisance cardiaque? How is this perserves by the kidney?
A drease in blood flow (and thus pressure)
Percieved as if we are in l’hypovolémie = constriction at cortical nephron -> send to juxtamedullar = reabsorb sodium to increase pressure
What is insuffisance rénale? Is this related to insuffisance cardiaque?
Diminution du fonctionement du rein
Yes, patient en insuffisance cardiaque sévère
présente-il toujours de l’insuffisance rénale
Pourquoi le patient en insuffisance cardiaque sévère
présente-il toujours de l’insuffisance rénale?
In insuffisance cardiaque, the flow of blood to the brain and the heart is perserved which means that other organs will receive much less blood
When the kidney observes this, it thinks there is less blood -> let’s vasoconstrict cortical nephron to reabsorb sodium and water to increase blood pressure -> less filtration
What concentration of sodium and water would you excpect in a patient in hypervolemie? And why?
In hypovolemie -> perfusion augmentée des néphrons
profonds qui retiennent le sodium et l’eau.
This means that Le débit sanguin rénal, le débit de filtration glomérulaire et l’excrétion urinaire de sodium et d’eau sont donc
tous très diminués.
So in hypervolemie it is the opposite, thus more sodium and more water
What is the zone d’autoregulation?
régulation intrinsèque de la circulation rénale
allows to maintain the same renal blood flow (50mmHg filtration pressure) independent of blood flow in the body
this area is from 80mmHg - 180mmHg
Si la tension artérielle augmente, une __________________
de l’artériole afférente ou préglomérulaire prévient
l’augmentation du débit sanguin rénal, l’hypertension
glomérulaire (pression augmentée dans le capillaire
glomérulaire) et l’hyperfiltration qui en résulterait.
vasoconstriction
What is teh effect of angiotensine II?
It has a vasoconstriction role sur les artérioles efférentes ou postglomérulaires
What is the effect of anti-inflamatory drugs in relation to kidneys?
They inhibit prostaglandins
prostaglandins are vasodilators (afferent) -> increase filtration (and glumerular pressure)
thus, decrease in glomerular pressure, decrease in filtration -> insuffisance renale
