Renaissance Important People, Places, etc.

Question 1

Franco-Flemish School

Answer 1

early renaissance musical leaders from the areas of France, Belgium and Holland.
known for vocal polyphony and highly contrapuntal style.
Leaders: Ockeghem, Obrecht and des Prez

Question 2

Who were the leaders of the franco-flemish school

Answer 2

Ockeghem
Obrecht
des Prez

Question 3

Martin Luther

Answer 3

a german priest (and professor, and biblical scholar) famous for his objection of questionable practices in the Roman Catholic Church

Question 4

What did Martin Luther do?

Answer 4

• started protestant reformation, led to the founding of the Lutheran church
• oversaw translating of the complete bible in German so congregation could actively participate
• posted “95 theses” in 1517

Question 5

what did the protestant reformation include

Answer 5

• conducting services in German

- engaging the congregation by using simpler music- German chorales with monophonic tunes that were easy to sing

Question 6

what is The Reformation

Answer 6

16th century Christian reform movement in Europe led by Martin Luther
result: formation of many new protestant denominations

Question 7

what is the Counter-Reformation and what did it include

Answer 7

mid 16th century reaction from the catholic church to the reformation, to attempt to win back support and gain political power
response included Council of Trent

Question 8

what is the Council of Trent

Answer 8

a series of meetings of the highest catholic church officials (in Trento Italy) where they condemned pretestant heresies and reaffirmed catholic doctrines.

Question 9

what recommendations regarding liturgical music did the council of trent include

Answer 9

• text should be audible
• counterpoint not too dense
• no instruments except organ
• avoid intense chromaticism
• use of secular cantus firmus banned
• avoid displays of virtuosity

Question 10

Musica transalpina

Answer 10

“music from beyond the alps”
published in London in 1588, compiled by Yonge
the first printed collection of Italian madrigals in England contain 57 pieces with English translations
influenced English composers to write their own madrigals in their mother tongue

Question 11

Fitzwilliam Virginal Book

Answer 11

a collection of English keyboard music from early 17th century
contained closed to 300 works in a variety of styles (dances, fantasies, preludes, etc.) from various Englisih keyboard composers of the time (Byrd, Bull, Morley, etc)
often virtuosic and have fanciful titles (“The Ghost”, Byrd)

Question 12

Danserye

Answer 12

a collection of popular dances published in Belgium, 1551

Question 13

josquin des prez accomplishments

Answer 13

highly successful and renowned in his day

master of contrapuntal techniques: canon, imitative counterpoint

Question 14

josquin des prez musical style

Answer 14

• master of contrapuntal writing
• emotional expression
• vocal settings express the meaning of the text with -accentuation of the text and word painting
• modal harmonics- triadic, with dissonance

Question 15

josquin des prez
name a -motet
-mass
-chanson

Answer 15

motet: Ave Mario…virgo serena
mass: missa l’homme arme
chanson: El grillo, mille regretz

Question 16

who was a “saviour of polyphony”?

Answer 16

Palestrina

Question 17

Palestrina musical style

6 points

Answer 17

• reflect his deep personal faith with a reverent, spiritual character
• a capella vocal polyphony
• polyphony balanced with homophonic texture
• clarity in text through chordal texture, clear-cut phrases
• vocal lines move by step of small leap
• avoided dissonance

Question 18

Palestrina
name a :
-motet
-mass

Answer 18

Lauda sion

missa l’homme arme

Question 19

name a composer who demonstrated the ideals of the council of trent, and how did he do so

Answer 19

Palestrina

• a deeply religious man, expressed his personal faith through his music
• missa papae demonstrates the potential for achieving textual clarity within a simple well-balanced polyphonic texture