Renaissance And Reformation Flashcards
Humanities
Study of the subjects such as grammar, Rhetoric, poetry, and history that were taught in Greece and Rome
Humanism
Intellectual movement at the heart of the Renaissance that focused on education and the classics
Petrach
Francesco Petrarch was a florentine who lived in the 1300s, an early renaissance humanist, poet, and scholar. Assembled a library of Greek and Roman manuscripts in monasteries. The world of homer, Virgil, and Cicero were now known once again in Western Europe
Florence
A city in the Tuscany region of northern Italy that was the center of the Italian Renaissance
Patron
A person who provides financial support for the arts
Medici family
In Florence, ranked amongst the richest merchants and bankers in Europe. Cosimo de’medici gained control of the florentine government in 1434 and the family continued to rule for years.
Perspective
Artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings a three-dimensional effect
Johannes Gutenberg
Man from Mainz, Germany, printed the first complete edition of the Christian bible using a printing press with a moveable type
Flanders
Region that included parts of present-day northern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands; was an important industrial and financial Center of Northern Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance
Albrecht Durer
German painter one of the First Northern artist to be profoundly affected by the Renaissance Italy. And 1494 you travel to Italy to study the Italian masters. He soon became a pioneer in spreading Renaissance ideas to northern Europe. Referred to as “Leonardof the north”. Important innovation of his was to apply the painting techniques he had learned in Italy to engraving
Erasmus
Dutch priest and humanist, one of the most important scholars that they wrote texts on a number of subjects and used knowledge of classical languages to produce a new Greek edition of the Christian Bible. Called for the translation of the bible to the vernacular
Thomas More
English humanist who pressed for social reform. In “Utopia” He describes an ideal society where men and women live in peace and harmony where everyone is educated and justice is used to end crime rather than a limited criminal.
Shakespeare
English poet and playwright wrote 37 plays better still performed around the world he was a towering figure of the Renaissance literature.
Western schism
Splitting of the church in Western Europe. multiple popes elected by various factions due to limited leadership
Council of Constance
ends crisis of western schism by electing compromise pope (Martin v) and moved papacy from Avignon back to Rome
John wycliffe and Jan Hus
People who revolted against the church before the Protestant Reformation John launched a systematic attack against the church using sermons and writings to call for a change. Jan, about 40 years after, Whitecliff led a reform movement in which he was executed for
Indulgences
In the Roman Catholic Church, paid to the church to pardon sins committed during a personal lifetime
Wittenberg
A town in Germany where Martin move their posted his 95 theses
95 theses
Martin Luther’s 95 theses where arguments against indulgences among other things he argued that indulgences had no basis in the Bible, that the pope had no authority to release souls from purgatory, and that Christian should be saved only through faith
Charles v
The holy Roman emperor who summoned Luther to the diet at the city of worms. The Emperor ordered him to give up his writings but Luther refused. Charles declared Luther an outlaw making it a crime for anyone in the empire to give him food or shelter
Anabaptists
A Protestant sect that rejected infant baptism, arguing that they are too young to accept faith.
