Dark Ages Flashcards
Hagia Sophia
Church of “holy wisdom” built under Justinian. Use of arched domes. Now a mosque due to being conquered by Muslims
Belisarius
Justinians general conquered North Africa, Italy, and southern Spain
Autocrat
A ruler with complete authority
Justinians code
Collected and revised laws of Ancient Rome, Catholic Church and monarch modeled laws based on these, used to unite empire
Great schism of 1054
Separation of the Easter orthodox and Roman Catholic Church. E orthodox emperor did not want his people worshiping icons, pope disagrees and he has supremacy over the church - they excommunicate each other. Know chart
Clovis
Leader during the merovingian dynasty, conquered Gaul in 486 and became catholic in 496
Battle of tours
Battle where Charles Martel defeated the invading muslim force in 732
Charlemagne
Grandson of Charles Martel, united France, Germany, and Italy by 800. Proclaimed as the “Holy Roman Emperor” by pope Leo III. Revived “classical” learning
Missi dominici
Bureaucratic workers sent by Charlemagne to each region of his kingdom to ensure his people were happy and doing their jobs.
Aachen
Location where Charlemagne revived his classical learning of mathematics, logic, rhetoric, music, etc.
Pope Leo III
Pope who proclaimed Charlemagne as the holy roman emperor
Treaty of verdun
When Charlemagnes grandsons divided his kingdom into 3 parts
Feudalism/ feudal contract
An agreement between a lord and his serfs, the serfs would have to work the land and provide The Lord with crops and goods in exchange for protection against invading tribes
Knights
A man who served a lord as a horse mounted soldier with armor. they followed a code of conduct called chivalry
Fief
A vassals income granted to him by his lord for exchange of his services
Chivalry
A code of conduct knights had to follow
Serfs
Peasants in medieval times
Manor
A lords estate
Troubadours
Wandering musicians who spread ideas of chivalry
Excommunication
To remove someone from the church due to breaking cannon law
Interdict
Removing a group of people from the church if their lord, noble, or king is opposed to church teachings
Simony
The practice of selling and purchasing church positions
Monk
Men living in a monasteries who devoted their lives to prayer and work
Friar
A man belonging to a religious order
Canon law
Laws involving who the clergy are, who can get married etc. Church laws. Grants papal supremacy to be greater than that of a lord or king
Middle class
The social class of those who are not in the highest ir lowest Social rankings. -merchants
Guild
Groups that formed, they passed laws and issued taxes, protected interests and competition by regulating prices and labor hours
Apprentice
The people being trained so they could enter into guilds
Tenant farmers
The new name for serfs once a money economy was brought into the manor, the serfs would now pay for land and protection rather than provide goods to their lords
Capital
Money to invest
Charter
Lords or kings would grant these to merchants so they’d could set up and rule a town in exchange for a yearly fee
Partnerships
Merchants would work together to ensure good business and protection on their routes
Three field system
A basic system of farming and crop rotation where two fields would be used to grow crops such as barley and wheat and the other field would be left empty and kept open for animals to graze on, the fields would then be rotated every few years.
Bill of exchange
Equivalent to check or credit card, harder to rob traveling merchants.
