Remember

Question 1

ribosomes bind to

Answer 1

cytosolic face of rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

A transmembrane protein is

Answer 2

an integral globular protein

Question 3

Every cell does not respond to every extracellular signal because

Answer 3

every cell has a different combination of receptors

Question 4

In the production of monoclonal antibodies two cells are fused together to produce a

Answer 4

hybridoma

Question 5

After the sodium-potassium pump has hydrolysed ATP the conformational change causes extracellular binding of

Answer 5

extracellular potassium ions

Question 6

A kinase enzyme adds a phosphate on to the

Answer 6

R group of a protein

Question 7

The affinity of haemoglobin for for oxygen increases with

Answer 7

increase in ph and decrease in temp

Question 8

vital stains only stain

Answer 8

dead cells

Question 9

at isoelectric point, the mass of precipitate does what

Answer 9

increases

Question 10

accuracy means

Answer 10

Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value

Question 11

precision means

Answer 11

Precision refers to how close measurements of the same item are to each other.

Question 12

what is catalysed by reverse transcriptase

Answer 12

RNA to DNA

Question 13

The grouse male with other males at leks. what is a characteristic of this species

Answer 13

polygamy

Question 14

what measure is not appropriate for reducing the incidence of disease in refugee camps?

Answer 14

improved vector control

Question 15

cells that produce antibodies are

Answer 15

B lymphocytes

Question 16

sexual imprinting is

Answer 16

an irreversible process that occurs in young animals and helps them to survive

Question 17

what is a prosthetic group

Answer 17

A prosthetic group is a non-protein unit tightly bound to a protein and necessary for its
function

Question 18

the conformation of tertiary structure is stabilised by

Answer 18

interactions between R groups: hydrophobic interactions;

ionic bonds; London dispersion forces; hydrogen bonds; disulfide bridges

Question 19

when do allosteric interactions occur

Answer 19

Allosteric interactions occur between spatially distinct sites

Question 20

kinases do what

Answer 20

catalyse the transfer of a phosphate group to other proteins

Question 21

phosphatases do what

Answer 21

catalyse the removal of a phosphate group from proteins

Question 22

what is a transporter protein

Answer 22

Transporter proteins bind to the specific substance to be transported and undergo a
conformational change to transfer the solute across the membrane

Question 23

receptors for hydrophobic signalling molecules are

Answer 23

transcription factors

Question 24

examples of hydrophobic signalling molecules

Answer 24

steroid hormones eg testosterone and oestrogen

Question 25

hydrophilic signal transduction

Answer 25

Transmembrane receptors change conformation when the ligand binds to the extracellular face; the signal molecule does not enter the cell, but the signal is transduced across the plasma membrane
Transmembrane receptors act as signal transducers by converting the extracellular ligandbinding event into intracellular signals, which alters the behaviour of the cell
often involve G-proteins or cascades of phosphorylation by kinase enzymes

Question 26

what is an action potential

Answer 26

An action potential is a wave of electrical excitation along a neuron’s plasma membrane

Question 27

The transmission of a nerve impulse requires

Answer 27

changes in the membrane potential of the

neuron’s plasma membrane

Question 28

Depolarisation of the plasma membrane as a result of the entry of positive ions triggers _____ and further _____ occurs

Answer 28

opening of voltage-gated sodium channels, and further depolarisation occurs

Question 29

after a nerve impulse how is the resting membrane potential restored

Answer 29

Inactivation of the sodium channels and the opening of potassium channels restores the
resting membrane potential

Question 30

a wave of excitation is

Answer 30

Depolarisation of a patch of membrane causing neighbouring regions of membrane to
depolarise and go through the same cycle, as adjacent voltage-gated sodium channels are
opened

Question 31

what happens when the action potential reaches the end of the neuron

Answer 31

vesicles containing
neurotransmitter fuse with the membrane — this releases neurotransmitter, which
stimulates a response in a connecting cell

Question 32

ion concentration gradients are reestablished by

Answer 32

sodium potassium pump

Question 33

Assay

Answer 33

An assay is an investigative procedure that quantitively measures and qualititively assesses the amount, prescience or function of a target entity.

Question 34

Immunoassay

Answer 34

A procedure for detecting specific proteins through their properties as antigens or antibodies

Often fluorescent or colour change if found