Religious Wars Flashcards
Catherine de Medici
- Advocate political stability over religious orthodoxy
- maintain Fr throne for sons: Francis II, Charles IX, Henry III
Huguenot
French Calvinists
Became very powerful in Fr govt
A threat to the Valois
Henry Bourbon (of Navarre)
Protestant leader for Fr throne
Promoted tolerance for Huguenots
Henry I, Duke of Guise
Against Valois for Fr throne
Ultra Catholics
War of three Henries 1588
- Henry Guise took Paris, threaten Valois ctrl of throne
- Henry III ally with Henry Bourbon, assassinates Henry Guise
- Monk kills Henry III
- Henry Bourbon (IV) is king, converts to Catholicism 1589
St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre 1572
- After Henry Bourbon’s marriage with Cath Medici’s daughter for reconciliation.
- Rumor of Protestant plots to take ctrl of govt
- Slaughter of Protestant nobles
Iconoclast Revolt
- Philip II increased taxes in Burgundy (Netherlands) to fund empire
- Tightened its church structure via Spn Inquisition
- 1566 revolts
Pacification of Ghent
Burgundy called for end of Spanish rule in its territory
Union of Arras
Farnese, Duke of Parma, takes back 10/17 provinces
Union of Utrecht
7/10 Dutch provinces separate from Spain
Twelve Year’s Truce 1609
Defeated by Dutch Netherlands and English
Signed with Union of Utrecht
3 reasons for Spanish 16th century decline
- Overextension (politically & milit)
- persecution of talented minority
- internal revolts over high taxes and govt centralization
Defenestration Of Prague 1618
- Ferdinand II promised tolerance to Bohemia’s religion if he is elected King.
- Takes back promise
- Bohemian Nobles toss out imperial officials, elect Calvinist Frederick V
30 Years War:
Bohemian phase 1618-25
Ferdinand II defeats Frederick at White mountain
- brings counter reformation to Bohemia
- Bavaria takes electorate palatinate
TYW:
Danish Phase 1625-29
- Christian IV Denmark support protes
- Wallenstein under Ferdi beats Christian
