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Gobbets > Religion & The Civil Rights Movement (Detailed) > Flashcards

Religion & The Civil Rights Movement (Detailed) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 names of Malcolm X?

A
  • Malcolm Little
  • Detroit Red
  • Malcolm X
  • El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz
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2
Q

Who led the Nation of Islam and converted Malcolm X?

A

Elijah Mohammed

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3
Q

Who was Malcolm X married to?

A

Betty Shabazz

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4
Q

When was Malcolm X assassinated?

A

1965

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5
Q

What was the purpose of Malcolm X’s autobiography?

A

“I think my life story may help people to appreciate how Mr Muhammed salvages black people”

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6
Q

Did Malcolm X support Black separatism?

A

Yes- demand for a separate black nation

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7
Q

According to Malcolm X, why did white people turn black into criminals?

A

To keep them oppressed and symbolize their oppression

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8
Q

According to Malcolm X, in genetics, what was the race of the original man?

A

Black

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9
Q

According to Malcolm X, what had to be thought about before civil rights?

A

Human Rights (relationship with the UN)

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10
Q

When was the UN founded?

A

1945

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11
Q

What was the Nation of Islam?

A

Islamic political movement, founded in Detroit, 1930

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12
Q

When did Malcolm X leave the Nation of Islam?

A

1964

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13
Q

According to Malcolm X, how had the white man warped Christianity?

A

To make the black man focus on heaven, whilst the white man enjoyed heaven on earth

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14
Q

In what year did the publicity of NoI and Malcolm X increase?

A

1959

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15
Q

According to Malcolm X, no black or white man wants _?

A

Integration

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16
Q

Who wrote “Letter From Birmingham Jail”?

A

Martin Luther King Jr.

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17
Q

What did “Letter From Birmingham Jail” lay out?

A

The goals and philosophy of the non-violent civil rights movement

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18
Q

What was “Letter From Birmingham Jail” a response to?

A

A public letter from 8 white Alabama religious leaders, urging people to withdraw support from MLK

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19
Q

What was Martin Luther King arrested for in Birmingham?

A

Protesting racial segregation and economic injustice (The Birmingham campaign included The Children’s Crusade)

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20
Q

Who was the intended audience of “Letter From Birmingham Jail”?

A

Moderate Christians of both races

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21
Q

On what grounds did MLK justify involving the church in politics (in “Letter From Birmingham Jail”)?

A

All great political questions are fundamentally moral questions to which the church must speak

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22
Q

In “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, what are the 2 responses to the accusation of outsiders coming in?

A
  • President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference

* “Injustice is here”

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23
Q

According to “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, why does the Negro community have no alternative?

A

White power structures

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24
Q

According to “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, what are the 4 steps in a non-violent campaign?

A
  • Collection of the facts
  • Negotiation
  • Self-purification
  • Direct Action
25
Q

According to “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, what laws should you obey?

A

Only Just laws

26
Q

According to “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, which two African American poles is MLK in the middle of?

A

Complacency and bitterness and hatred

27
Q

In “Letter From Birmingham Jail”,why is MLK pleased to say he is an extremist?

A

Like Jesus, who was an extremist for love

28
Q

In “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, who is MLK disappointed with?

A

White Churches, and white Christians in general

29
Q

Who wrote “Myths About Malcolm”?

A

Rev. Albert Cleage

30
Q

What was “Myths About Malcolm”?

A

Speech at the Detroit Friday Night Socialist Forum, 1967, Memorial meeting for Malcolm X

31
Q

Who was Rev. Albert Cleage?

A
  • Christian religious leader
  • Important role in the 1960s Civil Rights Movement
  • Increasingly associated with black nationalism in the 1970s
  • Rejected core principles of racial integration
32
Q

According to ‘Myths About Malcolm”, what had Malcolm X become after his death?

A

A symbol- man is in danger of being lost in the myth

33
Q

Due to the myths around him, who is Malcolm X compared to in “Myths About Malcolm”?

A

Jesus Christ

34
Q

According to “Myths About Malcolm”, what myth comes from his time in Mecca?

A

That he became an integrationist and was willing to work with the NAACP

35
Q

According to “Myths About Malcolm”, what myth developed about internationalism?

A

That the Africans were going to save the African Americans through the United Nations

36
Q

In “Myths About Malcolm”, what about the white man does Cleage disagree with X about?

A

That the white man is the devil

37
Q

According to “Myths About Malcolm”, what is X’s main principle?

A

The white man is your enemy: must break identification

38
Q

According to Cleage in “Myths About Malcolm”, what is impossible and undesirable?

A

Integration

39
Q

Whose speech was “Remarks on the Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.”?

A

Robert F. Kennedy’s

40
Q

Where was “Remarks on the Assassination” given?

A

Indianapolis, Indiana

41
Q

In “Remarks on the Assassination”, it was the first time RFK had publicly spoken about what?

A

The death of his brother

42
Q

What did RFK call on the nation to do, in “Remarks on the Assassination”?

A

Ask what nation they wanted to be, and what direction they wanted to move in

43
Q

How did RFK relate to black people in “Remarks on the Assassination”?

A

Felt the same feeling after the death of his brother

44
Q

What poet is quoted in “Remarks on the Assassination”?

A

Aeschylus

45
Q

Who wrote “The Ballot or the Bullet”?

A

Malcolm X

46
Q

What was “The Ballot or the Bullet”?

A

A speech delivered at the Cory Methodist Church, Cleveland, Ohio

47
Q

Where did Malcolm X go after his “The Ballot or the Bullet” speech?

A

Mecca

48
Q

“The Ballot or the Bullet” speech was given one month after what event?

A

Malcolm X’s separation from the Nation of Islam

49
Q

What question was “The Ballot or the Bullet” speech a response to?

A

“The Negro Revolt, and Where Do We Go From Here?”

50
Q

In “The Ballot or the Bullet”, what is X’s response to black Christians?

A

Not there to discuss religion- all are going to get hell from the same white man

51
Q

In “The Ballot or the Bullet”, why is 1964 going to be the most explosive year?

A

It is an election year, and black people are maturing

52
Q

According to “The Ballot or the Bullet”, who control the committees?

A

The Dixiecrats

53
Q

According to “The Ballot or the Bullet”, what do black people need to do?

A

Find friends

54
Q

In “The Ballot or the Bullet”, what has brought a new meaning to civil rights?

A

Black Nationalism

55
Q

According to “The Ballot or the Bullet”, what should the civil rights struggle be expanded to?

A

The higher level of human rights at the United Nations

56
Q

In “The Ballot or the Bullet”, what is the political philosophy of black nationalism?

A

The black man should control the politics and politicians in his own community

57
Q

What is segregation, according to “The Ballot or the Bullet”?

A

A community in which outsiders control the politics and the economy

58
Q

According to “The Ballot or the Bullet”, what will be necessary if the government prevents African Americans from attaining full equality?

A

Take up arms

Gobbets (7 decks)

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