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Gobbets > Black Churches During The Jim Crow Era (Detailed) > Flashcards

Black Churches During The Jim Crow Era (Detailed) Flashcards

1
Q

“African Methodist Episcopal Bishops Address the Great Migration”- where did they meet?

A

Wilberforce University, Ohio

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2
Q

“African Methodist Episcopal Bishops Address the Great Migration”- how did they view WWI?

A

It was a Day of Reckoning: to both individuals and nations; everyone must live a life of Christ

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3
Q

“African Methodist Episcopal Bishops Address the Great Migration”: what did the church need to do

A

Counter the easy evils that migrants where encountering (“Our Age if full of skepticism”)

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4
Q

Who wrote “Effects of Urbanization”?

A

Lacy KirkWilliams

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5
Q

Who was Lacy KirkWilliams?

A

Progressive clergyman of the Olivet Baptist Church, Chicago

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6
Q

What was “Effects of Urbanisation”?

A

An essay in the Chicago Sunday Tribune

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7
Q

What was the message of “Effects of Urbanisation”?

A
  • Black churches needed to become more aggressive in meeting the social needs of their constituents
  • Migrants were not finding the cities as they thought: differences in church and religion (need to attract them)
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8
Q

How much did the black population of Chicago increase by 1916-1920 (according to “Effects of Urbanisation”)

A

145.5%

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9
Q

How much did the black church membership of Chicago increase by 1916-1920 (according to “Effects of Urbanisation”)

A

40%

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10
Q

Who wrote “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death?”

A

Howard Thurman

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11
Q

What was “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death”?

A

Address to Harvard Divinity School, as the Ingersoll Lecture on the Immortality of Man (First African American)

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12
Q

What were the beliefs of Howard Thurman?

A

Radical non-violence (inspired MLK)

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13
Q

What church did Howard Thurman establish?

A

The Church for the Fellowship of All Peoples in San Francisco- first major interracial, interdenominational church

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14
Q

Who did Howard Thurman found the Church for the Fellowship of All Peoples with?

A

Dr. Alfred Fisk

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15
Q

What was the purpose of “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death”?

A

Examine Spirituals as a source of rich testimony concerning life and death (cheapness of the life of a slave)

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16
Q

What is the overall emphasis of Negro Spirituals (according to “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death”)?

A

Other-worldly: place and significance of heaven

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17
Q

Who conducted “The Negro’s Church” (1933)?

A

Benjamin Mays and Joseph Nicholson

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18
Q

Who was Benjamin Mays?

A

Baptist Minister, President of Morehouse College, advisor to Kennedy, Truman, Johnson and Carter, and mentor to MLK

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19
Q

What was “The Negro’s Church” (1933)?

A

Sociological study of the black church in America (by Mays and Nicholson)

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20
Q

What was the message of “The Negro’s Church” (1933)?

A
  • Origin of African American religion- way to endure suffering in slavery
  • Independent Negro church the only organized field for suppressed emotions
  • Whites would only support if the emphasis were other-worldly
  • Limitations elsewhere have kept the power of the church
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21
Q

According to “The Negro’s Church” (1933), what were the three types of sermon?

A

Touch life, doctrinal/theological, and other-worldly

22
Q

Who wrote “The Power of the Negro Church”?

A

James Weldon Johnson

23
Q

Who was James Weldon Johnson?

A

Leader of the NAACP and part of the Harlem Renaissance

24
Q

According to “The Power of the Negro Church”, what was the one powerful organization of the race?

A

The Negro Church

25
Q

According to “The Power of the Negro Church”, what was the obligation on black ministers?

A

Make the church an instrument for bettering the conditions of the race

26
Q

Who wrote “After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South”?

A

Hortense Powdermaker

27
Q

Who was Hortense Powdermaker?

A

White American anthropologist

28
Q

What was “After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South”?

A

An ethnographic study of an interracial community in Indianola, Mississippi

29
Q

What was the purpose of “After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South”?

A

Explanation of the psychological adaption undergone by both races due to their interracial environment

30
Q

According to “After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South”, what 3 trends were seen in African American religion?

A
  • Religion increasingly rare amongst the young
  • Priest was losing his authority
  • Religion was more appealing to women
31
Q

Who wrote “An American Dilemma”?

A

Gunmar Myrdal

32
Q

Who was Gunmar Myrdal?

A

Swedish economist and sociologist

33
Q

Who commissioned and funded “An American Dilemma”?

A

Carnegie Corporation of New York

34
Q

What court case was “An American Dilemma” cited in?

A

Brown vs. Board of Education

35
Q

What was the general view of “An American Dilemma”

A

Positive: democracy would triumph over racism

36
Q

What was the vicious cycle in “An American Dilemma”?

A

Whites oppressed Negroes, and then pointed to Negroes’ poor performance as a reason for the oppression

37
Q

What needed to happen in America, according to “An American Dilemma”?

A
  • Need to cure white prejudice
  • Improve circumstances for Negroes
  • Need organizations for Negro concerted action
38
Q

According to “An American Dilemma”, what was both the strength and weakness of the Negro Church?

A

Its segregation

39
Q

Who wrote “Black Pastures: An American Pilgrimage In Two Centuries”?

A

William Imes

40
Q

Who was William Imes?

A

Presbyterian Minister

41
Q

What labour dispute did William Imes support in the 1920s?

A

Struggle of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

42
Q

What is “Black Pastures: An American Pilgrimage In Two Centuries”?

A
  • Series of essays

* Story of Imes’ family and other great men

43
Q

In “Black Pastures: An American Pilgrimage In Two Centuries”, what popular view is reacted against?

A

The idea that there is little use for the other-worldly point of view

44
Q

Who wrote “My Life and Work” (1917)?

A

Alexander Walters

45
Q

Who was Alexander Walters?

A

AME Bishop, and President of the Afro-American Council

46
Q

According to Alexander Walters in “My Life and Work”, when did the Republicans sell out the Negroes?

A

1876

47
Q

Who wrote “The Defects of the Negro Church”?

A

Orishatukeh Faduma

48
Q

Who was Orishatukeh Faduma?

A
  • Christian missionary and educator
  • Born in British Guyana, naturalized US citizen in 1902
  • First African to enrol at Yale Divinity School
  • Minister in the AME Church
  • Only Africa to address the American Negro Academy
49
Q

What was “The Defects of the Negro Church”?

A

A speech to the American Negro Academy

50
Q

What was the American Negro Academy?

A
  • First organization that supported African-American scholarship
  • Alternative to BTW
  • Founded by Miller and Crummell, amongst others
  • Crummell was its first president
51
Q

According to Faduma, what were the 5 defects of the Negro Church?

A
  • Tendency to lay stress on outwardness rather than inwardness
  • Neglect of rural communities
  • The Negro Ministry (ill-educated)
  • The Laity
  • Excessive emotionalism in worship
52
Q

According to “The Defects of the Negro Church”, what is the most needed solution?

A

Education

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