Black Churches During The Jim Crow Era (Detailed)

Question 1

“African Methodist Episcopal Bishops Address the Great Migration”- where did they meet?

Answer 1

Wilberforce University, Ohio

Question 2

“African Methodist Episcopal Bishops Address the Great Migration”- how did they view WWI?

Answer 2

It was a Day of Reckoning: to both individuals and nations; everyone must live a life of Christ

Question 3

“African Methodist Episcopal Bishops Address the Great Migration”: what did the church need to do

Answer 3

Counter the easy evils that migrants where encountering (“Our Age if full of skepticism”)

Question 4

Who wrote “Effects of Urbanization”?

Answer 4

Lacy KirkWilliams

Question 5

Who was Lacy KirkWilliams?

Answer 5

Progressive clergyman of the Olivet Baptist Church, Chicago

Question 6

What was “Effects of Urbanisation”?

Answer 6

An essay in the Chicago Sunday Tribune

Question 7

What was the message of “Effects of Urbanisation”?

Answer 7

• Black churches needed to become more aggressive in meeting the social needs of their constituents
• Migrants were not finding the cities as they thought: differences in church and religion (need to attract them)

Question 8

How much did the black population of Chicago increase by 1916-1920 (according to “Effects of Urbanisation”)

Answer 8

145.5%

Question 9

How much did the black church membership of Chicago increase by 1916-1920 (according to “Effects of Urbanisation”)

Answer 9

40%

Question 10

Who wrote “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death?”

Answer 10

Howard Thurman

Question 11

What was “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death”?

Answer 11

Address to Harvard Divinity School, as the Ingersoll Lecture on the Immortality of Man (First African American)

Question 12

What were the beliefs of Howard Thurman?

Answer 12

Radical non-violence (inspired MLK)

Question 13

What church did Howard Thurman establish?

Answer 13

The Church for the Fellowship of All Peoples in San Francisco- first major interracial, interdenominational church

Question 14

Who did Howard Thurman found the Church for the Fellowship of All Peoples with?

Answer 14

Dr. Alfred Fisk

Question 15

What was the purpose of “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death”?

Answer 15

Examine Spirituals as a source of rich testimony concerning life and death (cheapness of the life of a slave)

Question 16

What is the overall emphasis of Negro Spirituals (according to “The Negro Spiritual Speaks of Life and Death”)?

Answer 16

Other-worldly: place and significance of heaven

Question 17

Who conducted “The Negro’s Church” (1933)?

Answer 17

Benjamin Mays and Joseph Nicholson

Question 18

Who was Benjamin Mays?

Answer 18

Baptist Minister, President of Morehouse College, advisor to Kennedy, Truman, Johnson and Carter, and mentor to MLK

Question 19

What was “The Negro’s Church” (1933)?

Answer 19

Sociological study of the black church in America (by Mays and Nicholson)

Question 20

What was the message of “The Negro’s Church” (1933)?

Answer 20

• Origin of African American religion- way to endure suffering in slavery
• Independent Negro church the only organized field for suppressed emotions
• Whites would only support if the emphasis were other-worldly
• Limitations elsewhere have kept the power of the church

Question 21

According to “The Negro’s Church” (1933), what were the three types of sermon?

Answer 21

Touch life, doctrinal/theological, and other-worldly

Question 22

Who wrote “The Power of the Negro Church”?

Answer 22

James Weldon Johnson

Question 23

Who was James Weldon Johnson?

Answer 23

Leader of the NAACP and part of the Harlem Renaissance

Question 24

According to “The Power of the Negro Church”, what was the one powerful organization of the race?

Answer 24

The Negro Church

Question 25

According to "The Power of the Negro Church", what was the obligation on black ministers?

Answer 25

Make the church an instrument for bettering the conditions of the race

Question 26

Who wrote "After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South"?

Answer 26

Hortense Powdermaker

Question 27

Who was Hortense Powdermaker?

Answer 27

White American anthropologist

Question 28

What was "After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South"?

Answer 28

An ethnographic study of an interracial community in Indianola, Mississippi

Question 29

What was the purpose of "After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South"?

Answer 29

Explanation of the psychological adaption undergone by both races due to their interracial environment

Question 30

According to "After Freedom: A Cultural Study in the Deep South", what 3 trends were seen in African American religion?

Answer 30

* Religion increasingly rare amongst the young * Priest was losing his authority * Religion was more appealing to women

Question 31

Who wrote "An American Dilemma"?

Answer 31

Gunmar Myrdal

Question 32

Who was Gunmar Myrdal?

Answer 32

Swedish economist and sociologist

Question 33

Who commissioned and funded "An American Dilemma"?

Answer 33

Carnegie Corporation of New York

Question 34

What court case was "An American Dilemma" cited in?

Answer 34

Brown vs. Board of Education

Question 35

What was the general view of "An American Dilemma"

Answer 35

Positive: democracy would triumph over racism

Question 36

What was the vicious cycle in "An American Dilemma"?

Answer 36

Whites oppressed Negroes, and then pointed to Negroes' poor performance as a reason for the oppression

Question 37

What needed to happen in America, according to "An American Dilemma"?

Answer 37

* Need to cure white prejudice * Improve circumstances for Negroes * Need organizations for Negro concerted action

Question 38

According to "An American Dilemma", what was both the strength and weakness of the Negro Church?

Answer 38

Its segregation

Question 39

Who wrote "Black Pastures: An American Pilgrimage In Two Centuries"?

Answer 39

William Imes

Question 40

Who was William Imes?

Answer 40

Presbyterian Minister

Question 41

What labour dispute did William Imes support in the 1920s?

Answer 41

Struggle of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

Question 42

What is "Black Pastures: An American Pilgrimage In Two Centuries"?

Answer 42

* Series of essays | * Story of Imes' family and other great men

Question 43

In "Black Pastures: An American Pilgrimage In Two Centuries", what popular view is reacted against?

Answer 43

The idea that there is little use for the other-worldly point of view

Question 44

Who wrote "My Life and Work" (1917)?

Answer 44

Alexander Walters

Question 45

Who was Alexander Walters?

Answer 45

AME Bishop, and President of the Afro-American Council

Question 46

According to Alexander Walters in "My Life and Work", when did the Republicans sell out the Negroes?

Answer 46

1876

Question 47

Who wrote "The Defects of the Negro Church"?

Answer 47

Orishatukeh Faduma

Question 48

Who was Orishatukeh Faduma?

Answer 48

* Christian missionary and educator * Born in British Guyana, naturalized US citizen in 1902 * First African to enrol at Yale Divinity School * Minister in the AME Church * Only Africa to address the American Negro Academy

Question 49

What was "The Defects of the Negro Church"?

Answer 49

A speech to the American Negro Academy

Question 50

What was the American Negro Academy?

Answer 50

* First organization that supported African-American scholarship * Alternative to BTW * Founded by Miller and Crummell, amongst others * Crummell was its first president

Question 51

According to Faduma, what were the 5 defects of the Negro Church?

Answer 51

* Tendency to lay stress on outwardness rather than inwardness * Neglect of rural communities * The Negro Ministry (ill-educated) * The Laity * Excessive emotionalism in worship

Question 52

According to "The Defects of the Negro Church", what is the most needed solution?

Answer 52

Education