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Relevance of Psych in SA Flashcards

1
Q

what two things influence relevance of psychology

A

● ‘Universal’ diagnostic systems
● Influence and importance of culture

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2
Q

from where are treatments interventions, and research in south Africa imported from

A

“Imported” treatments, interventions, and research from Northern + Western contexts

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3
Q

why is traditional healing not being implemented in south African health system

A

there is a cultural fit between profession/discipline
and the people it’s trying to help

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4
Q

true or false
psychology Focuses on individual at expense of community

A

true

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5
Q

name 3 things hindering accessibility of MHC in SA

A

can’t afford, travel, lack of education

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6
Q

fill in the blank
……psychology has compartmentalisation of issues, rather than holistic view

A

Western

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7
Q

what makes mental health in sa fall of the priority list (2 marks)

A

Infrastructure and budget

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8
Q

what is the role of language and relevance in SA (2 marks)

A

Language -> naming and conceptions of mental difficulties (including narrative);

language of therapist vs language of patient

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9
Q

fill in the blank
1974 -> Afrikaans Medium Decree promulgated, led to:

A

1976 -> riots in Soweto and Cape Town

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10
Q

what made the 1976 riots in Soweto and cape town so significant in terms of relevance of psychology

A

● TV introduced, seeing images of what was happening, could no longer deny
● Mounting local + international censure of Apartheid rule

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11
Q

what formed out of the 1980s anti-apartheid protest

A

○ Formation of racially integrated PASA
(Psychological Association of South Africa)

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12
Q

fill in the blank
Split in 1960s SA where white Afrikaner nationalists broke away from SAPA (South African Psychological Association), formed …

A

PIRSA
(Psychological Institute for Republic of South Africa)

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13
Q

what is OASSA (2 marks)

A

■ All mental health professionals
■ Organisation for Appropriate Social Services in South Africa

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14
Q

in what decade did the Formation of Psychology and Apartheid Committee

A

1980s

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15
Q

name 4 aspects of “Relevance” Debate in Psychology

A

○ Euro-American bias of discipline
○ Marginalised experiences of Black majority
○ Indifference to human rights abuses of the state
○ Understanding that what’s going on outside of the consulting room matters

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16
Q

who was the

A

● White, middle-class, European/American, ethnocentric and coloniser worldview

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17
Q

what did the “Relevance” Debate in Post-Apartheid South Africa lack

A

● Lack of broader, systemic, socio-political interventions

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18
Q

what did the “Relevance” Debate in Post-Apartheid South Africa silence ?

A

● Silences around contextual issues: race, class, gender, etc
○ “And how these relate to issues like poverty, power, inequality, and exploitation”
~ Ahmed & Pillay, 2004

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19
Q

what is PsySSA

A

> all organisations integrated into this democratic association
○ Psychological Society of South Africa

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20
Q

what does it mean to say Psychology has inertia (2 marks)

A

● psychology is Transient, relatively immune to changes
● There is an awareness of the issues, but overall little improvement
○ Same debates + conversations happening across decades

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21
Q

name 4 things the discipline of psychology does

A

○ Initiates you
○ Disciplines you
○ Teaches you a way of thinking
○ Clashes with personal politics + values
■ Shouldn’t lose yourself

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22
Q

name 4 key drivers of the relevance debate (very very important, so boy you better know this!!!)

A
  1. Curriculum issues
  2. Research issues
  3. Professional issues
  4. Training issues
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23
Q

what are the curriculum issues in terms of the relevance debate

A

○ Euro-American bias
○ Curriculum change is not be all and end all
■ Doesn’t mean underlying ideologies have been changed

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24
Q

fill in the blank
○…% of articles are about ‘race’ (SAJP 2007-2012)

A

2%

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25
what does the following stat speak to in terms of relevance ○ 2% of articles look at HIV/AIDS (SAJP 1999-2003)
speaks to denialism
26
what are the two main research issues in terms of the relevance debate
○ Poor uptake of government priorities ○ Sidelining of contextual issues -> unresolved traumas
27
in terms of the relevance debate, what are two professional issues (4 marks, 2 for naming, 2 for explaining)
○ ‘Race’ ■ Still divisions and inequality ○ Language ■ Majority fluent in only English and/or Afrikaans
28
in terms of the relevance debate, what are two training issues (4 marks, 2 for naming, 2 for explaining)
○ Selection criteria ■ Life experience -> volunteering, travelling, etc have an inherent class aspect (need money) ○ Selection panels ■ Going to an interview where the interviewer is different from you (viewpoints, culture, etc) -> intimidating
29
there are 5 broad explanations to Why the Apparent Lack of Progress of psychology in SA, name them
1. Personal biographies 2. Regulatory authorities 3. Institutional cultures 4. Broader societal factors 5. The discipline itself
30
fill in the blank ○ Health professionals need to belong to a...
council
31
what are Institutional cultures Linked to
the society they are found in
32
true or false ○ Critique does lead to productive activity
false ○ Critique does not lead to productive activity
33
what are disciplines reflections of ( 2marks)
societies -Reflection of how a given society imagines its problems and responses to those problems -> social arrangements, social institutions, societal factors
34
name 3 international psychology relevance debates
● American psychology ● European psychology ● “Third world” psychology
35
in the 1960s and 1970s , there were years of international protest, name 5 things that these protests were about
○ White racism ○ Gender oppression ○ Homophobia ○ Vietnam war ○ Oppressive governments
36
there are 3 elements to the American psychology in crisis, what are they
● Artefact crisis ● Ethics crisis ● Relevance crisis
37
what was the artefact crisis about
○ Experimental psychologists started raising questions about validity and reliability of knowledge being produced
38
Milgram’s Shock Experiments formed part of what crisis
ethics crisis
39
name 2 aspects of the relevance crisis
1.Fun-and-game values -> social psychologists complained ■ Constructing experiments that did not connect to real-world issues 2. Social psychology as history -> paper ■ Argued that social psychological knowledge never holds true for a long period of time
40
what year was the student revolution (European Psychology in Crisis)
1968
41
fill in the following EU social psychology was..
atheoretical
42
what was American psychology ideology at odds with
their own political values
43
what was the two main arguments behind “Third-World” Psychology in Crisis -> post-colonial period
● Euro-American psychology is invalid ● No credible alternative ○ Internationalisation of relevance
44
there are 4 earlier debates about relevance, what are they.
1. 1936: founding of SPSSI ○ Society for psychological society of sociological issues 2. 1920s: Boring vs Terman ○ Debate between experimental and applied psychologists ○ Boring -> psychology = laboratory study 3. 1911: The crisis of experimental psychology (Kostyleff) 4. 1899: The crisis in psychology (Willy)
45
there are 3 arguments to the question of "Why do Questions About Psychology’s “Relevance” Never Seem to End?'" what are they
1. ● Issues don’t get resolved and in a sense they can’t get resolved because what is ‘relevant’ changes by context and time -> won’t be “relevant” forever 2. ● Psychology as a “soft science” with no “hard evidence” ● Human beings are constantly changing
46
what is the two main premise of psychology being seen as a soft science?
○ Feminisation of psychology over time; men become minority in discipline + profession -> framed as feminine pursuit of ‘caregiving’ by some ○ Status of discipline; respect given to it
47
Human beings are constantly changing, what are they most affected by
labels
48
What is “Relevance”?
Essentially refers to benefits Psychology is thought to offer to society ○ If relevant, has benefits ○ If has no applicability, not relevant
49
what is the Underlying talk of ‘relevance'
the notion of the ‘public good’ BUT ○ What is ‘good’? ■ Subjective ○ Which ‘public’ is being referred to? ■ What is relevant for one sector/population of SA society is not relevant for another
50
name 3 different types of relevance
1.Social relevance ○ Discipline must contribute to human welfare 2. Cultural relevance ○ Afrocentrism + accessibility 3. Market relevance ○ International benchmarking of disciplinary outputs
51
what are the 4 aspects of Disciplinary DNA
● Failure to define Psychology’s subject matter ● The basic vs applied distinction ● Indecision about Psychology’s cognitive interest ● Difficulty theorising rapid social change
52
what are the 5 problems of violence spoken about in the article "Nation on the Couch: Relations of Relationlessness"
● Interpersonal ● Racism ● Xenophobia ● Economic -> income inequality, etc ● Epistemic
53
name 4 types of epistemic violence
symbolic, structural, institutional, symbolic
54
name the 3 problems of misrecognition
● Notion of the Other ● The history of humans is largely a history of masters and slaves ● The impossibility of recognition
55
describe the term "notion of other"
○ Person, group, culture, etc ○ Cannot acknowledge full recognition of existence + humanity of the next person
56
hagels dialectic is linked to what theory
pessimistic theory
57
what do scholars say there is a impossibility of recognition (2 marks)
○ Master who has vanquished the slave now wants to be recognised but the slave is in no position to give this recognition -> what is it worth? ○ Not possible to create state of mutual recognition
58
what two notions is human nature in psychology linked to
notions of universalising and essentializing
59
in human nature, Relationality is the ...
primary goal
60
true or false: Being recognised -> being attended to is a fundamental developmental need
true
61
the 21st century life is characterised by two things, what are they
1.Endless possibilities for interpersonal connection ■ Social media + globalisation 2. Yet there is a profound degree of loneliness ■ Considered a public health problem ■ Social comparison -> curated nature of social media
62
what are the 3 principles of life under modernity
1.The work we do is not ours ○ Doing it for an institution, because got hired, etc 2. We regard one another as rivals ○ Competing for positions, promotions, to be recognised 3. We become estranged from ourselves ○ focus on working/doing rather than being
63
true or false: alienation is not more than a psychological concept
false, it is more ● it is a bridging concept between our inner and outer worlds ● An estrangement from the world and everything in it
64
fill in the blank Alienation not absence of relationships, but presence of ....
distorted relationships
65
name 2 things we as humans are alienated from
○ The activity + product of labour -> need to feel it is meaningful in some way ○ Other people + oneself
66
true or false: Disrespect takes root in an unequal society; violence as a manifestation/reaction
true
67
Inequality forms part of a psychological question as well a?
as a material question
68
fill in the blank In the underclasses (lowest), respect is what matters most and smallest action of disrespect can cause a ... response
"disproportionate"
69
explain the notion of Collapse of agency -> “pick yourself up by your bootstraps” (2 marks)
○ Most South Africans don't get to live a good life -> in line with what they believe a worthwhile life to be ○ Leads to hopelessness
70
what does shame cause?
an implosion/collapse
71
what is the missing link' Projection -> .... -> project shame onto those who are already downtrodden
violence
72
what does fanon mean
the colonised do not take frustrations out on the colonisers, but on their fellow colonised
73
name 2 things that result from the following process
○ Violence in SA as mind-blowing + sadistic ○ Divides + segregation
74
who said the following "there isn't a single document of civilisation that isn't simultaneously a document of barbarism"
Walter Benjamin
75
what is the criminal justice system relatively indiffernet to
social factors
76
what two things lead to Psychosocial Thinking
● Individualising + socialising trauma
77
Understand how trauma does not happen in a vacuum, it comes from somewhere. where? (2 marks)
○ A context ○ A context in which recognition is very difficult and acts of misrecognition are a reflection of "relations of relationlessness" -> connected but in damaged ways
78
there is an importance of not reducing the social to the psychological but also not being?
tone-deaf regarding the psychological when it comes to the social
79
what allows for the social and psychological domains to remain in conversation with one another
"Alienation"
80
The discipline of Psychology shows itself to one depending on...
your class, wealth, opportunities etc

Clinical Psychology (6 decks)

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