Relationships Flashcards
Assortative Mating
A non random coupling of individuals based on their resemblance to each other on one or more characteristics.
What is the reciprocity principle?
We tend to like those who like us and dislike those who dislike us.
Self Disclosure
Sharing of intimate information and feelings with another person.
Germans initially share less information than Americans but Germans got more intimate as the relationship progressed.
Direct reinforcement principle.
We like those who are present when we receive a reward.
What is the gain loss hypothesis? And Aronsons explanation.
Paradox of liking people more if they initially dislike you and then later like you.
Aronson said that it occurred because our anxiety is reduced that we first experienced upon rejection.
The person who liked us from the beginning is undiscriminating therefore reducing the value of their praise.
What is Byrnes law of attraction?
Attraction towards a person bears a linear relationship to the proportion of attitudes associated with that person.
Cross cultural research was conducted by brewer. She found that inter tribal attraction was based on what three things?
- Perceived similarity
- Physical distance between tribes
- Perceived educational and economic advancement.
Social contact was avoided if it was thought that another tribe has quite different attitudes.
What is archival research?
Non experimental method involving the assembly of data, or reports of data, collected by others.
What is the cost reward ratio?
Tenet of social exchange theory; liking for another person is determined by calculating what it will cost to be reinforced by that person.
What is the comparison level?
A standard that develops overtime allows us to judge whether a new relationship is profitable or not.
What is a minimax strategy?
Try to minimise costs and maximise rewards.
Strengths of the social exchange theory.
Accommodates for differences between people in how they perceive rewards and costs.
Differences within the person based on varying levels of comparison, both over time across different context.
What is the equity theory?
A special case of social exchange theory that defines a relationship as equitable when the ratio of inputs to outcomes is seen the same by both partners.
What is distributive justice?
Fairness of outcome of a decision.
What is the need to affiliate?
Urge to form connections and make contact with other people.
