Abnormal Lecture Three

Question 0

Le Magon allowed rats to feed on one flavour and then another. What did he find?

Answer 0

The rats became full of one flavour. But then when given another flavour they ate until they felt full again.

Question 1

Hertherington and Ranson claimed to have lesioned which area of the brain to produce over eating?

Answer 1

Ventromedial Hypothalmus

Question 2

Mather et al

Answer 2

Rats learned to eat less of a particular food if it contained intraveteos glucose.

Question 3

What did Tardoff and Friedman find that ended meal times quicker.

Answer 3

Glucose solution

Question 4

What did Zeeni (2010) find regarding the response of various cortical regions?

Answer 4

PVN/LHA respond really well to high carbohydrates Vs high proteins.

Question 5

What did Descastro and Decastro find regarding eating in large groups?

Answer 5

The larger the group the more you ate..

With 7/8 more people you can eat upto 80/90% more.

Question 6

What did Scalefeni and Nissenbaum find when they paired starch solution and water solution?

Answer 6

Rats preferred starch solution.. Therefore demonstrated taste preferences.

Question 7

What did Bernstein find regarding natural meal times?

Answer 7

In the natural environment meal times were determined by the size of the previous meal.

In reality they time of meal isn’t affected just the size.

Question 8

What did Campfield and Smith find regarding high levels of blood glucose?

Answer 8

They injected rats with high levels of blood glucose and found that high blood glucose delayed meal start times.

Question 9

What did Deutche and ganalez find happened when rats were artificially injected with 50% saline solution in the stomach

Answer 9

It had no overall effect on the total amount that they drank

Question 10

Matsuda did neuroimaging and found what about the VMH/PVN.

Answer 10

There was a decrease in activity in the VMH/PVN after drinking glucose solution.

Question 11

What did Schwartz find regarding seratonin.

Answer 11

Seratonin is released during feeding and therefore is broadly inhibitory.

Question 12

What did Leibowitz find that infusions of Seratonin did?

Answer 12

Reduced carbohydrate intake but didn’t affect the fat intake.

Question 13

What did Jonstone fine regarding the Hypothalmus?

Answer 13

The lateral Hypothalmus becomes very active during feeding.

Question 14

What did Anode and Brobreck find happened when the lateral Hypothalmus was damaged.

Answer 14

People simply will not eat and need a hand feeding.

Known as the ‘architechal pleasure centre’

Question 15

What did Berridge and Valenstein hypothesize.

Answer 15

If the lateral Hypothalmus really is the feeding centre then stimulation should be accompanied by increased palatability for food.

Found that stimulation increased feeding. But had no effect on pleasant or aversive responses.

Conclusion; electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus caused vicarious eating.

Question 16

What did Cummings find regarding human plasma levels of ghrenlin?

Answer 16

Found that during eating they fell and then rose as the next self initiating meal became imminent.

So if your full ghrenlin plummets and as time goes on it starts to rise again.

Question 17

What did Wren show regarding ghrenlin?

Answer 17

He demonstrated that the more ghrelin a person has in the stomach the increased appetite.

Also found that neuropeptide Y also increases feeding behaviour (in animals)

Question 18

What did date et al find that blocking the vagal nerve does?

Answer 18

It blocked ghrelin activation. Blocking the vagal nerve also blocked ghrelin activation of the Hypothalmus.

Question 19

What did Yee find that led to obesity?

Answer 19

Continuous infusion of chorindine (noanergic alpha-2 receptor agonist)