Abnormal Flashcards
What is the prevalence of autism?
Rutter; 5/10,000 have Kanner type autism and 20/10,000 people have autism spectrum disorder.
70% display it combined with mental retardation.
Gillberg; 4:1 male to female ratio.
Islets of ability (idiots savant)
Autistic but have an extraordinary ability <1% of mentally handicapped population.
6% of the autistic population
And 50% of idiot savants have autism.
6 psychological theories of autism.
- Attachment Issues
- Language Disorder
- Affective Disorder
- Weak Central Coherence
- Executive Dysfunction
- Theory of Mind
Attachment
Bettleheim; result of refrigerator parents who are cold towards their children.
Cox demonstrated that it wasn’t due to social/environment stressors.
Foistein and Rutter & Bailey…
90% concordance rates depending on the stringy criteria.
Freitag & chromosomes
About 5% of autism cases could be accounted for by subtle chromosome changes.
Thomas & duplication
Autism could be due to duplication of a small portion of chromosome 15.
Chiantetti - X
Small error on chromosome X increases the risk of autism.
Biological causes - Courchesne
Abnormal development of the cerebellum early in life
Biological causes - Dawson
Reduced left hemisphere function
Biological causes - Omits EEG
Abnormal EEG in 50/80% of autistic people.
Biological causes - Bauman
Damage to the limbic system (Amygdala/hippocampus)
Biological causes - Levy & Gould (Seratonin)
Levy; it’s due to Seratonin dysfunction.
Gould; when injected with Seratonin mice became more social.
What did limperophrus find in relation to cerebellum heammorage injury?
More likely than controls to develop autism if they have cerebellar heammorage injury.
