Abnormal Lecture 4

Question 0

What is obesity define as having a bmi more than?

Answer 0

30

Question 1

What did Kaye report regarding NPY levels in anorexic patients

Answer 1

Levels of neuropeptide Y remained high until body weight returned to normal

Question 2

What did Flegal et al say regarding the overall rates of obesity?

Answer 2

Increase by 50% per decade.

Question 3

What did Ogden find regarding obesity in American adults?

Answer 3

Two thirds of US adults are overweight and a third meet the criteria for obesity.

Question 4

What did Rennie and Jeb find regarding the rates of obesity in the UK?

Answer 4

Obesity tripled in the UK from 1989-1997

Question 5

What did Luo and Hu find about obesity in children in china?

Answer 5

Increased by over 800% from 1989-1997

Question 6

What did Price and Gottesman find regarding genetic factors and obesity?

Answer 6

They can predispose a child to obesity and accounts for 50% various.

Question 7

What did Skunkard find regarding obesity and biological and adopted parents.

Answer 7

Looked at the BMIs of 540 Danish adoptees.

Found that they correlated more with their biological parents than with their adopted parents.

Question 8

What did Beck find regarding the infusion of neuropeptide Y?

Answer 8

Infused neuropeptide Y into the Hypothalmus of standard rats and found that they mimicked the overeating of Zucker Rats.

Question 9

What did Beck 1993 find regarding NPY I the Hypothalmus of young Zucker rats.

Answer 9

Neuropeptide Y preceded/coincided with the onset of obesity.

Question 10

What did Volkow and O’brien argue?

Answer 10

Argued that obesity should by included in DSM 5 under food addiction.

Question 11

What did Zucker rats have high levels of?

Answer 11

They have high levels of blood insulin; maybe caused indirectly through elevated hypothalamic NPY.
Insulin mops up blood glucose and low blood glucose it’s a signal for a meal to start.

Question 12

What did Dhurandhar find regarding weight gain in chickens.

Answer 12

Found that adenovirus injections led to weight gain.

Question 13

What did Atkinson find when he compared the antibodies of the adenovirus-36 in obese and non obese subjects?

Answer 13

Adenovirus 36 antibodies were found in 30% of obese subjects and 11% in non obese subjects.

Question 14

What happened when Pansanica took adult stem cells that were removed from liposuction?

Answer 14

He infected some of them with adenovirus 36 and found that fat accumulation occurred in the cells that were infected.

Question 15

What did Ridaura find when he obtain gut bacteria from twins. One obese and the other not.

Answer 15

The mice infected with bacteria that was from the obese twin became fat.
But when obese mice were exposed to lean mice they also became leaner but only when on a high fibre, low fat diet.

Question 16

What did Lowe and Fisher find regarding snacking behaviour of obese and non obese subjects?

Answer 16

Found that obese people are more likely to snack when they feel negative emotions whereas non obese people are more likely to snack when they feel positive.

**Eating is a way to restore psychological well being.

Question 17

What did Page find regarding low blood glucose levels and restoration of normal blood glucose levels.

Answer 17

Low levels of blood glucose activated sub cortical limbic striatal regions. Whilst restoration of normal blood glucose levels activated prefrontal cortex specifically in non obese group.

The regions is linked to impulse control and related functions.