Relations between institutions

Question 1

What are the 4 ways independence of the judiciary is maintained?

Answer 1

Security of tenure
Contempt
Independent appointments
Training and experience

Question 2

What is security of tenure?

Answer 2

• Judges can’t be removed based of the decisions they make and can only be removed if they’re corrupt
• No fear of dismissal and reduced salaries

Question 3

What is contempt in the judiciary?

Answer 3

• Gov servants cant interfere in results

- Can’t criticize in parliament or public

Question 4

What is the necessary training and experience for judges?

Answer 4

• Lengthy careers as lawyers so they’re accustomed to the judging principles
• junior judges with lack of impartiality are unlikely to be promoted

Question 5

What is independent appointments?

Answer 5

• Judges are appointed by the Judicial Appointments committee
• Politically independent (no political influence)

Question 6

What are the different powers/weaknesses of the supreme court?

Answer 6

• Too independent/challenge gov authority too much
• Recognise sovereignty of parliament
• Lack of entrenched constitution means no power to enforce constitutional principles against parliaments wishes
• Independence guaranteed in law
• ECHR can overturn decisions

Question 7

Define customs union

Answer 7

Member states can trade w/o any tariffs but can’t make separate trade unions/deals outside of the EU

Question 8

Define single market

Answer 8

Free movement of goods, people, money, labor etc across borders however goods/services must be sold under the same regulations

Question 9

Define economic union

Answer 9

Responsible for economic development throughout EU, especially countries with a low national income and are given subsidies from the EU budget

Question 10

Define political union

Answer 10

Develops foreign policy/negotiates with foreign powers as a single unit over issues of security/diplomacy