Related Pathways

Question 1

Describe the related pathway of proteins

Answer 1

Proteins get digested into amino acids where the amino group gets removed by a process called deamination. This process converts amino groups into ammonia which is a waste product for animals and plants (beneficial for nutrients in plants). Depending on the type of amino acid, it will enter different parts of the glycolytic pathway

Question 2

Describe the related pathway of fats

Answer 2

Triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 3

Describe what happens to glycerol when a triglyceride is broken down

Answer 3

Glycerol undergoes gluconeogenesis (reverse glycolysis) and is converted back into glucose or G3P and enters cellular respiration from the top

Question 4

Describe what happens when a fatty acid is broken down

Answer 4

Fatty acids undergo β-oxidation in the matrix of the mitochondria. This process strips the 2C acetyl groups from the carboxyl end of the fatty acid and adds a CoA to from Acetyl-CoA which then enters the Kreb’s Cycle

Question 5

Describe the efficiency of the metabolism of fats

Answer 5

When fats are completely metabolized they will yield twice the amount of energy as carbohydrates because as the fats are cleaved they reduce NAD+ and FAD molecules which will eventually produce ATP via chemiosmosis as well as going through the Kreb’s Cycle once cleaved. The larger the fat the more energy can be harvested because more 2C compounds will be created to enter the Kreb’s Cycle

Question 6

Describe the related pathway of nucleic acids

Answer 6

They are really only used during periods of starvation. They are broken down into nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base), which get funneled into the Kreb’s Cycle and NH3

Question 7

Describe gout

Answer 7

Crystal nucleic acids gather in large amounts, often in the big toe

Question 8

Why is the breaking down of nucleic acids very bad?

Answer 8

It will lead to kidney damage

Question 9

Show the diagram of related pathways